砈的同位素
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砈有从191At到223At共33个已知的同位素，都具有放射性。砹最稳定的同位素是半衰期8.1小时的210At，而如果只看存在于天然衰变链的同位素，那么砹最稳定的同位素就是半衰期56秒的219At。
圖表
[编辑]| 符號 | Z | N | 同位素質量（u） [n 1][n 2] |
半衰期 [n 1][n 2] |
衰變 方式[1] |
衰變 產物 [n 3] |
原子核 自旋[n 1] |
相對豐度 （莫耳分率） |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 激發能量[n 1][n 2] | ||||||||
| 191At | 85 | 106 | 1.7(+11−5) ms | (1/2+) | ||||
| 191mAt | 2.1(+4−3) ms | (7/2−) | ||||||
| 193At | 85 | 108 | 192.99984(6) | 28(+5−4) ms | α | 189Bi | (1/2+) | |
| 193m1At | 50 keV | 21(5) ms | (7/2−) | |||||
| 193m2At | 39 keV | 27(+4−5) ms | (13/2+) | |||||
| 194At | 85 | 109 | 193.99873(20) | ~40 ms | α | 190Bi | 3+# | |
| β+ （不常見） | 194Po | |||||||
| 194mAt | 480(190) keV | ~250 ms | α | 190Bi | 10−# | |||
| IT （不常見） | 194At | |||||||
| 195At | 85 | 110 | 194.996268(10) | 328(20) ms | α (75%) | 191Bi | (1/2+) | |
| β+ (25%) | 195Po | |||||||
| 195mAt | 34(7) keV | 147(5) ms | 9/2−# | |||||
| 196At | 85 | 111 | 195.99579(6) | 253(9) ms | α (96%) | 192Bi | 3+# | |
| β+ (4.0%) | 196Po | |||||||
| 196m1At | −30(80) keV | 20# ms | 10−# | |||||
| 196m2At | 157.9(1) keV | 11 µs | 5+# | |||||
| 197At | 85 | 112 | 196.99319(5) | 0.390(16) s | α (96%) | 193Bi | (9/2−) | |
| β+ (4.0%) | 197Po | |||||||
| 197mAt | 52(10) keV | 2.0(2) s | (1/2+) | |||||
| 198At | 85 | 113 | 197.99284(5) | 4.2(3) s | α (94%) | 194Bi | (3+) | |
| β+ (6%) | 198Po | |||||||
| 198mAt | 330(90)# keV | 1.0(2) s | (10−) | |||||
| 199At | 85 | 114 | 198.99053(5) | 6.92(13) s | α (89%) | 195Bi | (9/2−) | |
| β+ (11%) | 199Po | |||||||
| 200At | 85 | 115 | 199.990351(26) | 43.2(9) s | α (57%) | 196Bi | (3+) | |
| β+ (43%) | 200Po | |||||||
| 200m1At | 112.7(30) keV | 47(1) s | α (43%) | 196Bi | (7+) | |||
| IT | 200At | |||||||
| β+ | 200Po | |||||||
| 200m2At | 344(3) keV | 3.5(2) s | (10−) | |||||
| 201At | 85 | 116 | 200.988417(9) | 85(3) s | α (71%) | 197Bi | (9/2−) | |
| β+ (29%) | 201Po | |||||||
| 202At | 85 | 117 | 201.98863(3) | 184(1) s | β+ (88%) | 202Po | (2,3)+ | |
| α (12%) | 198Bi | |||||||
| 202m1At | 190(40) keV | 182(2) s | (7+) | |||||
| 202m2At | 580(40) keV | 460(50) ms | (10−) | |||||
| 203At | 85 | 118 | 202.986942(13) | 7.37(13) min | β+ (69%) | 203Po | 9/2− | |
| α (31%) | 199Bi | |||||||
| 204At | 85 | 119 | 203.987251(26) | 9.2(2) min | β+ (96%) | 204Po | 7+ | |
| α (3.8%) | 200Bi | |||||||
| 204mAt | 587.30(20) keV | 108(10) ms | IT | 204At | (10−) | |||
| 205At | 85 | 120 | 204.986074(16) | 26.2(5) min | β+ (90%) | 205Po | 9/2− | |
| α (10%) | 201Bi | |||||||
| 205mAt | 2339.65(23) keV | 7.76(14) µs | 29/2+ | |||||
| 206At | 85 | 121 | 205.986667(22) | 30.6(13) min | β+ (99.11%) | 206Po | (5)+ | |
| α (0.9%) | 202Bi | |||||||
| 206mAt | 807(3) keV | 410(80) ns | (10)− | |||||
| 207At | 85 | 122 | 206.985784(23) | 1.80(4) h | β+ (91%) | 207Po | 9/2− | |
| α (8.6%) | 203Bi | |||||||
| 208At | 85 | 123 | 207.986590(28) | 1.63(3) h | β+ (99.5%) | 208Po | 6+ | |
| α (0.55%) | 204Bi | |||||||
| 209At | 85 | 124 | 208.986173(8) | 5.41(5) h | β+ (96%) | 209Po | 9/2− | |
| α (4.0%) | 205Bi | |||||||
| 210At | 85 | 125 | 209.987148(8) | 8.1(4) h | β+ (99.8%) | 210Po | (5)+ | |
| α (0.18%) | 206Bi | |||||||
| 210m1At | 2549.6(2) keV | 482(6) µs | (15)− | |||||
| 210m2At | 4027.7(2) keV | 5.66(7) µs | (19)+ | |||||
| 211At | 85 | 126 | 210.9874963(30) | 7.214(7) h | ε (58.2%) | 211Po | 9/2− | |
| α (42%) | 207Bi | |||||||
| 212At | 85 | 127 | 211.990745(8) | 0.314(2) s | α (99.95%) | 208Bi | (1−) | |
| β+ (0.05%) | 212Po | |||||||
| β− (2×10−6%) | 212Rn | |||||||
| 212m1At | 223(7) keV | 0.119(3) s | α (99%) | 208Bi | (9−) | |||
| IT (1%) | 212At | |||||||
| 212m2At | 4771.6(11) keV | 152(5) µs | (25−) | |||||
| 213At | 85 | 128 | 212.992937(5) | 125(6) ns | α | 209Bi | 9/2− | |
| 214At | 85 | 129 | 213.996372(5) | 558(10) ns | α | 210Bi | 1− | |
| 214m1At | 59(9) keV | 265(30) ns | ||||||
| 214m2At | 231(6) keV | 760(15) ns | 9− | |||||
| 215At | 85 | 130 | 214.998653(7) | 0.10(2) ms | α | 211Bi | 9/2− | 痕量[n 4] |
| 216At | 85 | 131 | 216.002423(4) | 0.30(3) ms | α (99.99%) | 212Bi | 1− | |
| β− (.006%) | 216Rn | |||||||
| ε (3×10−7%) | 216Po | |||||||
| 216mAt | 413(5) keV | 100# µs | (9−) | |||||
| 217At | 85 | 132 | 217.004719(5) | 32.3(4) ms | α (99.98%) | 213Bi | 9/2− | 痕量[n 5] |
| β− (.012%) | 217Rn | |||||||
| 218At | 85 | 133 | 218.008694(12) | 1.27(6) s[2] | α (99.9%) | 214Bi | 1−# | 痕量[n 6] |
| β− (0.10%) | 218Rn | |||||||
| 219At | 85 | 134 | 219.011162(4) | 56(3) s | α (97%) | 215Bi | (9/2−) | 痕量[n 4] |
| β− (3.0%) | 219Rn | |||||||
| 220At | 85 | 135 | 220.01541(6) | 3.71(4) min | β− (92%) | 220Rn | 3(−#) | |
| α (8.0%) | 216Bi | |||||||
| 221At | 85 | 136 | 221.01805(21)# | 2.3(2) min | β− | 221Rn | 3/2−# | |
| 222At | 85 | 137 | 222.02233(32)# | 54(10) s | β− | 222Rn | ||
| 223At | 85 | 138 | 223.02519(43)# | 50(7) s | 3/2−# | |||
備註：畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的證明，只是理論推測而已，而用括號括起來的代表數據不確定性。
| ← | 同位素列表 | → |
| 釙的同位素 | 砈的同位素 | 氡的同位素 |
註釋
[编辑]- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的証明，僅為理論推測。
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 用括號括起來的數據代表不確定性。
- ^ 半衰期超过5亿年的衰变产物以粗斜体表示。
- ^ 4.0 4.1 235U的衰变产物
- ^ 237Np的衰变产物
- ^ 238U的衰变产物
参考文獻
[编辑]- ^ Universal Nuclide Chart
. nucleonica. [2015-10-16]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）.
- ^ Cubiss, J. G.; Andreyev, A. N.; Barzakh, A. E.; Andel, B.; Antalic, S.; Cocolios, T. E.; Goodacre, T. Day; Fedorov, D. V.; Fedosseev, V. N.; Ferrer, R.; Fink, D. A.; Gaffney, L. P.; Ghys, L.; Huyse, M.; Kalaninová, Z.; Köster, U.; Marsh, B. A.; Molkanov, P. L.; Rossel, R. E.; Rothe, S.; Seliverstov, M. D.; Sels, S.; Sjödin, A. M.; Stryjczyk, M.; L.Truesdale, V.; Van Beveren, C.; Van Duppen, P.; Wilson, G. L. Fine structure in the α decay of At218. Physical Review C (American Physical Society (APS)). 2019-06-14, 99 (6). ISSN 2469-9985. doi:10.1103/physrevc.99.064317.
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.