HADHA

HADHA
Identifikatori
Aliasi	HADHA
Vanjski ID-jevi	OMIM: 600890 MGI: 2135593 HomoloGene: 152 GeneCards: HADHA
Lokacija gena (čovjek)
Hrom.	Hromosom 2 (čovjek)
Kraj	26,244,672 bp
Lokacija gena (miš)
Hrom.	Hromosom 5 (miš)
Kraj	30,360,160 bp
Ontologija gena
Molekularna funkcija	• fatty-acyl-CoA binding; • acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase activity; • GO:0032403 protein-containing complex binding; • NAD binding; • enoyl-CoA hydratase activity; • acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase activity; • long-chain-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity; • GO:0001948, GO:0016582 vezivanje za proteine; • catalytic activity; • lyase activity; • oxidoreductase activity; • long-chain-enoyl-CoA hydratase activity; • 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity;
Ćelijska komponenta	• mitohondrija; • mitochondrial inner membrane; • mitochondrial nucleoid; • Mitohondrijski trofunkcijski protein; • GO:0005578 Vanćelijski matriks;
Biološki proces	• lipid metabolism; • fatty acid metabolic process; • response to insulin; • fatty acid beta-oxidation; • metabolizam; • cardiolipin acyl-chain remodeling;
	Izvori:Amigo / QuickGO
Ortolozi
	3030
	97212
	ENSG00000084754
	ENSMUSG00000025745
	P40939
	Q8BMS1
	NM_000182
	NM_178878
	NP_000173
	NP_849209
	Wikipodaci
Pogledaj/uredi – čovjek	Pogledaj/uredi – miš

Mitohondrijska podjednica alfa trifunkcijskog enzima znana i kao podjedinica alfa hidroksiacil-CoA dehidrogenaze/3-ketoacil-CoA tiolaze/enoil-CoA hidrataze alfa (trifunkcijski protein) jest enzim koji je kod ljudi kodiran genom HADHA sa hromosoma 2. Mutacije u HADHA su povezane sa nedostatkom trifunkcijskog proteina ili nedostatkom dugolančane 3-hidroksacil-koenzim A dehidrogenaze.^[5]

Amiokiselininska sekvenca

Dužina polipeptidnog lanca je 763 aminokiseline, a molkekulska iežina 83.000 Da.^[6]

C: Cistein

D: Asparaginska kiselina

E: Glutaminska kiselina

F: Fenilalanin

G: Glicin

H: Histidin

I: Izoleucin

K: Lizin

L: Leucin

M: Metionin

N: Asparagin

P: Prolin

Q: Glutamin

R: Arginin

S: Serin

T: Treonin

V: Valin

W: Triptofan

Y: Tirozin

10	20	30	40	50
MVACRAIGIL	SRFSAFRILR	SRGYICRNFT	GSSALLTRTH	INYGVKGDVA
VVRINSPNSK	VNTLSKELHS	EFSEVMNEIW	ASDQIRSAVL	ISSKPGCFIA
GADINMLAAC	KTLQEVTQLS	QEAQRIVEKL	EKSTKPIVAA	INGSCLGGGL
EVAISCQYRI	ATKDRKTVLG	TPEVLLGALP	GAGGTQRLPK	MVGVPAALDM
MLTGRSIRAD	RAKKMGLVDQ	LVEPLGPGLK	PPEERTIEYL	EEVAITFAKG
LADKKISPKR	DKGLVEKLTA	YAMTIPFVRQ	QVYKKVEEKV	RKQTKGLYPA
PLKIIDVVKT	GIEQGSDAGY	LCESQKFGEL	VMTKESKALM	GLYHGQVLCK
KNKFGAPQKD	VKHLAILGAG	LMGAGIAQVS	VDKGLKTILK	DATLTALDRG
QQQVFKGLND	KVKKKALTSF	ERDSIFSNLT	GQLDYQGFEK	ADMVIEAVFE
DLSLKHRVLK	EVEAVIPDHC	IFASNTSALP	ISEIAAVSKR	PEKVIGMHYF
SPVDKMQLLE	IITTEKTSKD	TSASAVAVGL	KQGKVIIVVK	DGPGFYTTRC
LAPMMSEVIR	ILQEGVDPKK	LDSLTTSFGF	PVGAATLVDE	VGVDVAKHVA
EDLGKVFGER	FGGGNPELLT	QMVSKGFLGR	KSGKGFYIYQ	EGVKRKDLNS
DMDSILASLK	LPPKSEVSSD	EDIQFRLVTR	FVNEAVMCLQ	EGILATPAEG
DIGAVFGLGF	PPCLGGPFRF	VDLYGAQKIV	DRLKKYEAAY	GKQFTPCQLL
ADHANSPNKK	FYQ

Struktura

HADHA je protein od 82,9 kDa koji se sastoji od 763 aminokiseline.^[7]^[8]

Mitohondrijski membranski vezani heterokompleks sastoji se od početiri alfa i beta podjedinice, pri čemu alfa podjedinica katalizira aktivnosti 3-hidroksiacil-CoA dehidrogenaze i enoil-CoA hidrataze. Geni alfa i beta podjedinica mitohondrijskog trifunkcijskog proteina nalaze se jedni uz druge u ljudskom genomu u orijentaciji glava-glava.^[5]

Funkcija

Ovaj gen kodira alfa podjedinicu mitohondrijskog trifunkcijskog proteina, koji katalizira posljednja tri koraka mitohondrijske beta-oksidacije dugolančanih masnih kiselina.^[5] Enzim pretvara srednje- i dugolančane spojeve 2-enoil-CoA u sljedeće 3-ketoacil-CoA kada je prisutan isključivo NAD i acetil-CoA , kada su prisutni NAD i CoASH .^[9] Alfa podjedinica katalizira ovu reakciju i vezana je za HADHB, koji katalizira posljednji korak reakcije.^[10]

Klinički značaj

Mutacije ovog gena rezultiraju nedostatkom trifunkcijskog proteina ili nedostatkom dugolančane 3-hidroksiacil-koenzim A dehidrogenaze.^[5]

Najčešći oblik mutacije je G1528C, u kojem se guanin na 1528. poziciji mijenja u citozin. Mutacija gena stvara nedostatak proteina koji je povezan sa poremećenom oksidacijom dugolančanih masnih kiselina, što može dovesti do iznenadne smrti novorođenčeta.^[11] Kliničke manifestacije ovog nedostatka mogu biti miopatija, kardiomiopatija, epizode koma i hipoglikemija.^[12] Nedostatak dugolančane L-3-hidroksiacil-koenzim dehidrogenaze povezan je s nekim poremećajima specifičnim za trudnoću, uključujući preeklampsiju, HELLP sindrom (hemoliza, povišeni enzimi jetre, niske razine trombocita), hyperemesis gravidarum, akutno masnu jetru u trudnoći i infarkt placente na njenom majčinskom dnu.^[13]^[14] Pored toga, to je povezano sa bolešću akutno masna jetra u trudnoći (AFLP).^[15]

Iz kliničke perspektive, HADHA bi takođe mogao biti koristan marker za predviđanje otpornosti na određene tipove hemoterapije kod pacijenata sa rakom pluća.^[16]

Interakcije

Pokazalo se da HADHA ima 142 binarne interakcije protein-protein uključujući 117 kokompleksnih interakcija. Čini se da je HADHA u interakciji sa GABARAP, MAP1LC3B, TRAF6, GABARAPL2, GABARAPL1, GAST, BCAR3, EPB41, TNFRSF1A, HLA-B, NFKB2, MAP3K1, IKBKE, PRKAB1, RIPK3, CD74, NR4A1, cdsA, mtaD, ATXN2L, ABCF2 i MAPK3.^[17]

Reference

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000084754 - Ensembl, maj 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000025745 - Ensembl, maj 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Entrez Gene: Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase/3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase/enoyl-CoA hydratase (trifunctional protein), alpha subunit".
^ "UniProt, P40939" (jezik: engleski). Pristupljeno 12. 11. 2021.
^ Zong NC, Li H, Li H, Lam MP, Jimenez RC, Kim CS, Deng N, Kim AK, Choi JH, Zelaya I, Liem D, Meyer D, Odeberg J, Fang C, Lu HJ, Xu T, Weiss J, Duan H, Uhlen M, Yates JR, Apweiler R, Ge J, Hermjakob H, Ping P (Oct 2013). "Integration of cardiac proteome biology and medicine by a specialized knowledgebase". Circulation Research. 113 (9): 1043–53. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.113.301151. PMC 4076475. PMID 23965338.
^ "hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase/3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase/enoyl-CoA hydratase (trifunctional protein), alpha subunit". Cardiac Organellar Protein Atlas Knowledgebase (COPaKB). Arhivirano s originala, 5. 3. 2016. Pristupljeno 13. 11. 2021.
^ Carpenter K, Pollitt RJ, Middleton B (Mar 1992). "Human liver long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase is a multifunctional membrane-bound beta-oxidation enzyme of mitochondria". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 183 (2): 443–8. doi:10.1016/0006-291x(92)90501-b. PMID 1550553.
^ Voet DJ, Voet JG, Pratt CW (2010). "Chapter 18, Mitochondrial ATP synthesis". Principles of Biochemistry (4th izd.). Wiley. str. 669. ISBN 978-0-470-23396-2.
^ IJlst L, Ruiter JP, Hoovers JM, Jakobs ME, Wanders RJ (august 1996). "Common missense mutation G1528C in long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Characterization and expression of the mutant protein, mutation analysis on genomic DNA and chromosomal localization of the mitochondrial trifunctional protein alpha subunit gene". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 98 (4): 1028–33. doi:10.1172/jci118863. PMC 507519. PMID 8770876.
^ Rocchiccioli F, Wanders RJ, Aubourg P, Vianey-Liaud C, Ijlst L, Fabre M, Cartier N, Bougneres PF (decembar 1990). "Deficiency of long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase: a cause of lethal myopathy and cardiomyopathy in early childhood". Pediatric Research. 28 (6): 657–62. doi:10.1203/00006450-199012000-00023. PMID 2284166.
^ Rakheja D, Bennett MJ, Rogers BB (juli 2002). "Long-chain L-3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme a dehydrogenase deficiency: a molecular and biochemical review". Laboratory Investigation; A Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology. 82 (7): 815–24. doi:10.1097/01.lab.0000021175.50201.46. PMID 12118083.
^ Griffin AC, Strauss AW, Bennett MJ, Ernst LM (September–October 2012). "Mutations in long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl coenzyme a dehydrogenase are associated with placental maternal floor infarction/massive perivillous fibrin deposition". Pediatric and Developmental Pathology. 15 (5): 368–74. doi:10.2350/12-05-1198-oa.1. PMID 22746996. S2CID 38407420.
^ Ibdah JA, Yang Z, Bennett MJ (September–October 2000). "Liver disease in pregnancy and fetal fatty acid oxidation defects". Molecular Genetics and Metabolism. 71 (1–2): 182–9. doi:10.1006/mgme.2000.3065. PMID 11001809.
^ Kageyama T, Nagashio R, Ryuge S, Matsumoto T, Iyoda A, Satoh Y, Masuda N, Jiang SX, Saegusa M, Sato Y (2011). "HADHA is a potential predictor of response to platinum-based chemotherapy for lung cancer". Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. 12 (12): 3457–63. PMID 22471497.
^ "142 binary interactions found for search term HADHA". IntAct Molecular Interaction Database. EMBL-EBI. Pristupljeno 25. 8. 2018.

Dopunska literatura

Rakheja D, Bennett MJ, Rogers BB (Jul 2002). "Long-chain L-3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme a dehydrogenase deficiency: a molecular and biochemical review". Laboratory Investigation. 82 (7): 815–24. doi:10.1097/01.lab.0000021175.50201.46. PMID 12118083.
Isaacs JD, Sims HF, Powell CK, Bennett MJ, Hale DE, Treem WR, Strauss AW (Sep 1996). "Maternal acute fatty liver of pregnancy associated with fetal trifunctional protein deficiency: molecular characterization of a novel maternal mutant allele". Pediatric Research. 40 (3): 393–8. doi:10.1203/00006450-199609000-00005. PMID 8865274.
Gillingham MB, Matern D, Harding CO (Oct 2009). "Effect of feeding, exercise and genotype on plasma 3-hydroxyacylcarnitines in children with lchad deficiency". Topics in Clinical Nutrition. 24 (4): 359–365. doi:10.1097/TIN.0b013e3181c62182. PMC 2892921. PMID 20589231.
Milewska M, McRedmond J, Byrne PC (Nov 2009). "Identification of novel spartin-interactors shows spartin is a multifunctional protein". Journal of Neurochemistry. 111 (4): 1022–30. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06382.x. PMID 19765186. S2CID 205621232.
Weekes J, Morrison K, Mullen A, Wait R, Barton P, Dunn MJ (Feb 2003). "Hyperubiquitination of proteins in dilated cardiomyopathy". Proteomics. 3 (2): 208–16. doi:10.1002/pmic.200390029. PMID 12601813. S2CID 19874662.
Bogenhagen DF, Rousseau D, Burke S (Feb 2008). "The layered structure of human mitochondrial DNA nucleoids". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 283 (6): 3665–75. doi:10.1074/jbc.M708444200. PMID 18063578.
Zhang QX, Baldwin GS (Oct 1994). "Structures of the human cDNA and gene encoding the 78 kDa gastrin-binding protein and of a related pseudogene". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression. 1219 (2): 567–75. doi:10.1016/0167-4781(94)90091-4. PMID 7918661.
IJlst L, Oostheim W, Ruiter JP, Wanders RJ (Jul 1997). "Molecular basis of long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency: identification of two new mutations". Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease. 20 (3): 420–2. doi:10.1023/A:1005310903004. PMID 9266371. S2CID 23046057.
Yagi M, Lee T, Awano H, Tsuji M, Tajima G, Kobayashi H, Hasegawa Y, Yamaguchi S, Takeshima Y, Matsuo M (Dec 2011). "A patient with mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency due to the mutations in the HADHB gene showed recurrent myalgia since early childhood and was diagnosed in adolescence". Molecular Genetics and Metabolism. 104 (4): 556–9. doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.09.025. PMID 22000755.

Vanjski linkovi

PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha, mitochondrial (HADHA)

Ovaj članak uključuje tekst iz Nacionalne medicinske biblioteke Sjedinjenih Država, koji je u javnom vlasništvu.

Portal Biologija

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000084754 - Ensembl, maj 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000025745 - Ensembl, maj 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[entrez-5] "Entrez Gene: Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase/3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase/enoyl-CoA hydratase (trifunctional protein), alpha subunit".

[UniProt-6] "UniProt, P40939" (jezik: engleski). Pristupljeno 12. 11. 2021.

[COPaKB-7] Zong NC, Li H, Li H, Lam MP, Jimenez RC, Kim CS, Deng N, Kim AK, Choi JH, Zelaya I, Liem D, Meyer D, Odeberg J, Fang C, Lu HJ, Xu T, Weiss J, Duan H, Uhlen M, Yates JR, Apweiler R, Ge J, Hermjakob H, Ping P (Oct 2013). "Integration of cardiac proteome biology and medicine by a specialized knowledgebase". Circulation Research. 113 (9): 1043–53. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.113.301151. PMC 4076475. PMID 23965338.

[url_COPaKB-8] "hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase/3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase/enoyl-CoA hydratase (trifunctional protein), alpha subunit". Cardiac Organellar Protein Atlas Knowledgebase (COPaKB). Arhivirano s originala, 5. 3. 2016. Pristupljeno 13. 11. 2021.

[9] Carpenter K, Pollitt RJ, Middleton B (Mar 1992). "Human liver long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase is a multifunctional membrane-bound beta-oxidation enzyme of mitochondria". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 183 (2): 443–8. doi:10.1016/0006-291x(92)90501-b. PMID 1550553.

[BioChem-10] Voet DJ, Voet JG, Pratt CW (2010). "Chapter 18, Mitochondrial ATP synthesis". Principles of Biochemistry (4th izd.). Wiley. str. 669. ISBN 978-0-470-23396-2.

[11] IJlst L, Ruiter JP, Hoovers JM, Jakobs ME, Wanders RJ (august 1996). "Common missense mutation G1528C in long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Characterization and expression of the mutant protein, mutation analysis on genomic DNA and chromosomal localization of the mitochondrial trifunctional protein alpha subunit gene". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 98 (4): 1028–33. doi:10.1172/jci118863. PMC 507519. PMID 8770876.

[12] Rocchiccioli F, Wanders RJ, Aubourg P, Vianey-Liaud C, Ijlst L, Fabre M, Cartier N, Bougneres PF (decembar 1990). "Deficiency of long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase: a cause of lethal myopathy and cardiomyopathy in early childhood". Pediatric Research. 28 (6): 657–62. doi:10.1203/00006450-199012000-00023. PMID 2284166.

[13] Rakheja D, Bennett MJ, Rogers BB (juli 2002). "Long-chain L-3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme a dehydrogenase deficiency: a molecular and biochemical review". Laboratory Investigation; A Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology. 82 (7): 815–24. doi:10.1097/01.lab.0000021175.50201.46. PMID 12118083.

[14] Griffin AC, Strauss AW, Bennett MJ, Ernst LM (September–October 2012). "Mutations in long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl coenzyme a dehydrogenase are associated with placental maternal floor infarction/massive perivillous fibrin deposition". Pediatric and Developmental Pathology. 15 (5): 368–74. doi:10.2350/12-05-1198-oa.1. PMID 22746996. S2CID 38407420.

[15] Ibdah JA, Yang Z, Bennett MJ (September–October 2000). "Liver disease in pregnancy and fetal fatty acid oxidation defects". Molecular Genetics and Metabolism. 71 (1–2): 182–9. doi:10.1006/mgme.2000.3065. PMID 11001809.

[16] Kageyama T, Nagashio R, Ryuge S, Matsumoto T, Iyoda A, Satoh Y, Masuda N, Jiang SX, Saegusa M, Sato Y (2011). "HADHA is a potential predictor of response to platinum-based chemotherapy for lung cancer". Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. 12 (12): 3457–63. PMID 22471497.

[17] "142 binary interactions found for search term HADHA". IntAct Molecular Interaction Database. EMBL-EBI. Pristupljeno 25. 8. 2018.

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p r u Enzimi: muultienzimski kompleksi
Fotosinteza	Photosynthetic reaction center complex proteins Fotosistem I II
Dehidrogenaza	Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E1 E2 E3 Oxoglutarate dehydrogenase OGDH DLST DLD Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex BCKDHA BCKDHB DBT DLD
Ostalo	CAD Carbamoyl phosphate synthase II Aspartate carbamoyltransferase Dihydroorotase P450-containing systems Cytochrome b6f complex Electron transport chain Fatty acid synthetase complex Glycine decarboxylase complex Mitohondrijalni trifunkcionalni protein HADHA HADHB Phosphoenolpyruvate sugar phosphotransferase system Polyketide synthase Sucrase-isomaltase complex Tryptophan synthase

p r u oksidoreduktaze: Alkoholne oksidoreduktaze (EC 1.1)
1.1.1: NAD/NADP acceptor	3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase Alcohol dehydrogenase Aldo-keto reductase 1A1 1B1 1B10 1C1 1C3 1C4 7A2 Aldose reductase Beta-Ketoacyl ACP reductase Carbohydrate dehydrogenases Carnitine dehydrogenase D-malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) DXP reductoisomerase Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase HMG-CoA reductase IMP dehydrogenase Isocitrate dehydrogenase Lactate dehydrogenase L-threonine dehydrogenase L-xylulose reductase Malate dehydrogenase Malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) Malate dehydrogenase (NADP+) Malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating) Malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating) (NADP+) Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase Sorbitol dehydrogenase Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase: 3β 3β-HSD NSDHL 11β 11β-HSD1 11β-HSD2 17β
1.1.2: cytochrome acceptor	D-lactate dehydrogenase (cytochrome) D-lactate dehydrogenase (cytochrome c-553) Mannitol dehydrogenase (cytochrome)
1.1.3: oxygen acceptor	Glucose oxidase L-gulonolactone oxidase Xanthine oxidase Alcohol oxidase
1.1.4: disulfide as acceptor	Vitamin K epoxide reductase Vitamin-K-epoxide reductase (warfarin-insensitive)
1.1.5: quinone/similar acceptor	Malate dehydrogenase (quinone) Quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase
1.1.99: other acceptors	Choline dehydrogenase L2HGDH

p r u Enzimi
Teme	Aktivno mjesto Alosterna regulacija Difuzijski limitirani enzim EC broj Enzimska kataliza Inhibicija enzimskih reakcija Kinetika enzima Koenzim Kooperativnost Lineweaver–Burkov dijagram Michaelis–Mentenova kinetika Mjesto vezanja Spisak enzima
Tipovi	EC1 Oksidoreduktaze/spisak EC2 Transferaze/spisak EC3 Hidrolaze/spisak EC4 Lijaze/spisak EC5 Izomeraze/spisak EC6 Ligaze/spisak