Delwedd:Varangian routes.png

Maint y rhagolwg: 800 × 555 picsel. Eglurdebau eraill: 320 × 222 picsel | 640 × 444 picsel | 872 × 605 picsel.

Maint llawn ((872 × 605 picsel, maint y ffeil: 859 KB, ffurf MIME: image/png))

Daw'r ffeil hon o Comin Wikimedia a gellir ei defnyddio gan brosiectau eraill. Dangosir isod y disgrifiad sydd ar dudalen ddisgrifio'r ffeil yno.

Crynodeb

Disgrifiad

Беларуская (тарашкевіца): Мапа асноўных вараскіх гандлёвых шляхоў: Валжанскі (чырвоным) і шлях з варагаў у грэкі (філётавым). Аранжавым колерам паказаныя іншыя гандлёвыя шляхі VIII—XI стагодзьдзяў. Існуе дзьве вэрсіі крынічнай мапы: адна адпавядае вугорскай гістарыяграфіі, якая лічыць, што валахі зьніклі на тысячагадовы пэрыяд між 275 і 1300 рокамі; другая адпавядае румынскай гістарыяграфіі, якія гэтага не прымаюць.

Deutsch: Karte mit der wichtigsten Handelsrouten Waräger (Wolga-Handelsroute in Rot, de:Handelsroute von den Warägern zu den Griechen in Lila). Die anderen Straßen (8.–11. Jahrhundert) sind in Orange gehalten. Die Basiskarte existiert in zwei Versionen: eine im Einklang mit der ungarischen Geschichtsschreibung, die behauptet, dass die Sprecher der ostromanischen Sprachen für tausend Jahre zwischen 275 und 1300 verschwunden seien, eine andere im Einklang mit der rumänischen Geschichtsschreibung, die behauptet, dass sie nicht verschwunden seien.

English: Map showing the major Varangian trade routes, the Volga trade route (in red) and the Trade Route from the Varangians to the Greeks (in purple). Other trade routes of the 8th–11th centuries shown in orange. Background exist in two versions : one according with Hungarian historians who think that speakers of Eastern Romance languages vanished for a thousand years between 275 and 1300, another according with Romanian historians who think that they don't vanished.

Français : Carte montrant les principales routes commerciales varègues (Route commerciale de la Volga en rouge, Route commerciale des Varègues aux Grecs en violet). Les autres routes (8°-11° siècle) sont en orange. Le fond de carte existe en deux versions : l'une conforme à l'historiographie hongroise qui affirme que les locuteurs des langues romanes orientales ont disparu pendant mille ans entre 275 et 1300, une autre conforme à l'historiographie roumaine qui affirme qu'ils n'ont pas disparu.

Русский: Основные : (красный) и (фиолетовый). Оранжевым цветом показаны другие торговые пути VIII–XI веков. Базовая карта существует в двух версиях: одна соответствует венгерской историографии, в которой говорится, что Волохи исчезли на тысячу лет между 275 и 1300 годами, другая соответствует румынской историографии, которая утверждает, что они не исчезли.

Ffynhonnell

This map has been uploaded by Electionworld from en.wikipedia.org to enable the

Wikimedia Atlas of the World

. Original uploader to en.wikipedia.org was Briangotts, known as Briangotts at en.wikipedia.org. Electionworld is not the creator of this map. Licensing information is below.

The following source corroborates the Volga route between the Gulf of Finland and Atil, although it gives a different Western route, over Smolensk:

Barraclough, Geoffrey , ed. (Iseldireg) (1981) Spectrum-Times Atlas van de Wereldgeschiedenis, pp. 114–115

Awdur

Briangotts

Caniatâd
(Ailddefnyddio'r ffeil hon)

Yr wyf fi, deiliad yr hawlfraint ar y gwaith hwn, yn ei gyhoeddi yn ôl termau'r trwyddedau a ganlyn:

Caniateir copïo, dosbarthu a/neu golygu'r ddogfen hon yn ôl telerau'r Drwydded Ddogfennaeth Rydd GNU, Fersiwn 1.2 neu unrhyw fersiwn diweddarach a gyhoeddwyd gan y Free Software Foundation; yn cynnwys dim Adrannau Di-syfl, dim Testunau Clawr Blaen, a dim Testunau Clawr Cefn. Cynhwysir copi o'r drwydded hon yn yr adran Trwydded Ddogfennaeth Rydd GNU".http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.htmlGFDLGNU Free Documentation Licensetruetrue

	Trwyddedir y ffeil hon yn ôl termau'r drwydded Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported.

	Mae'n rhydd i chi: rhannu – gallwch gopïo, dosbarthu a throsglwyddo'r gwaith ailwampio – gallwch addasu'r gwaith Ar yr amodau canlynol: cydnabyddiaeth – Mae'n rhaid i chi nodi manylion y gwaith hwn, rhoi dolen i'r drwydded, a nodi os y bu golygu arni, yn y modd a benwyd gan yr awdur neu'r trwyddedwr (ond heb awgrymu o gwbl eu bod yn eich cymeradwyo chi na'ch defnydd o'r gwaith). rhannu ar dermau tebyg – Os byddwch yn addasu'r gwaith hwn, neu yn ei drawsnewid, neu yn adeiladu arno, mae'n rhaid i chi ddosbarthu'r gwaith dan drwydded sy'n union yr un fath same a'r gwreiddiol.
	Ychwangwyd y nod trwyddedu hwn wrth y ffeil hon yn ran o'r gwaith o ddiweddaru trwyddedau GFDL.CC BY-SA 3.0truetrue

Gallwch ddewis y drwydded y mynnwch.

This map image could be re-created using vector graphics as an SVG file. This has several advantages; see Commons:Media for cleanup for more information. If an SVG form of this image is available, please upload it and afterwards replace this template with {{vector version available|new image name}}.

It is recommended to name the SVG file “Varangian routes.svg”—then the template Vector version available (or Vva) does not need the new image name parameter.

Hanes y ffeil

Cliciwch ar ddyddiad / amser i weld y ffeil fel ag yr oedd bryd hynny.

	Dyddiad / Amser	Hyd a lled	Defnyddiwr	Sylw
cyfredol	11:29, 3 Hydref 2023	872 × 605 (859 KB)	OrionNimrod	Restore original: "Wallachians" added by Romanian user, however it was no Wallachia in the 8-11th c: British historian, Martyn Rady - Nobility, land and service in medieval Hungary (p91–93): the sources before the 13th century do not contain references to Vlachs anywhere in Hungary and Transylvania or in Wallachia. Byzantine sources mentioned Vlachs all deep in the Balcan. Also map should make by academic historians not by personal POV.
	18:23, 16 Awst 2023	872 × 605 (799 KB)	Claude Zygiel	In one hand there are Byzantine sources which mention the Vlachs, secondly it is not because other sources do not mention them that they did not exist. In the other hand, the Hungarian theory which affirms that "the absence of proof is proof of absence", that this group disappeared for a thousand years, and that it would have been the only one, among all the peoples of the region , to not being able to cross the Balkans, the Danube and the Carpathians (while they were nomadic shepherds), is u...
	10:54, 25 Gorffennaf 2023	872 × 605 (794 KB)	OrionNimrod	"Wallachians" added by Romanian user, however it was no Wallachia in the 8-11th c: British historian, Martyn Rady - Nobility, land and service in medieval Hungary (p91–93): the sources before the 13th century do not contain references to Vlachs anywhere in Hungary and Transylvania or in Wallachia
	07:29, 26 Mehefin 2023	872 × 605 (799 KB)	Johannnes89	Reverted to version as of 16:47, 18 April 2023 (UTC) crosswiki image spam, often containing historical inaccuracies
	23:53, 25 Mehefin 2023	872 × 605 (1,017 KB)	Valdazleifr	Fixed minor errors
	16:47, 18 Ebrill 2023	872 × 605 (799 KB)	Claude Zygiel	There was no Wallachia but Wallachians. The theory that speakers of Eastern Romance languages disappeared for a thousand years between 275 and 1300 is only supported by Hungarian nationalist authors.
	12:41, 25 Tachwedd 2022	872 × 605 (794 KB)	OrionNimrod	Reverted to version as of 15:59, 8 March 2009 (UTC) It was no Wallachia in the 8-11th century
	12:44, 21 Mai 2015	872 × 605 (799 KB)	Spiridon Ion Cepleanu	Dvina & Wisla-Dnestr route, some details
	15:59, 8 Mawrth 2009	872 × 605 (794 KB)	Mahahahaneapneap	Compressed
	23:15, 18 Ionawr 2007	872 × 605 (859 KB)	Electionworld	{{ew\|en\|Briangotts}} == Summary == Map showing the major Varangian trade routes, the Volga trade route (in red) and the Trade Route from the Varangians to the Greeks (in purple). Other trade routes of the 8th-11th centuries shown in orange