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===Etymology===
===Etymology===
From {{bor|en|fr|houri}}, from {{der|en|fa|حوری|tr=hurî}}, from {{der|en|ar|حُورِيّ}} and {{der|en|ar|حُورِيَّة}}, adjective and feminine singulative of {{m|ar|حُور}} from {{m|ar|حُـورٍ عِين|tr=ḥūr(in) ʿīn(in)}}
From {{bor|en|fr|houri}}, from {{der|en|fa|حوری|tr=hurî}}, from {{der|en|ar|حُورِيّ}} and {{der|en|ar|حُورِيَّة}}, adjective and feminine singulative of {{m|ar|حُور}} from [[Classical Arabic]] {{m|ar|حُورٌ عِينٌ|t=fair maidens, black-eyed ones}}. See {{m|ar|أَحْوَر|g=m}}, {{m|ar|حَوْرَاء|g=f}} for the base adjective.
{{root|en|ar|ح و ر}}


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/ˈhʊəɹi/}}
* {{enPR|ho͝o′rē}}, {{IPA|en|/ˈhʊəɹi/}}
* {{enPR|ho͝orē}}
* {{rhymes|en|ʊəɹi|s=2}}

⚫
* {{rhymes|en|ʊəɹi}}
===Noun===
===Noun===
{{en-noun}}
{{en-noun}}


# {{lb|en|Islam}} A [[nymph]] in the form of a beautiful [[virgin]] supposed to [[dwell]] in [[Paradise]] for the [[enjoyment]] of the [[faithful]].
# {{lb|en|Islam}} A beautiful [[virgin]] girl supposed to [[dwell]] in [[Paradise]] for the [[enjoyment]] of the [[faithful]].
⚫
#* {{quote-journal|en|date=2002-01-12|author=Ibn Warraq| title=Virgins? What virgins?| work=The Guardian| url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2002/jan/12/books.guardianreview5| passage=We cannot go into the technical details of his methodology but it allows Luxenberg, to the probable horror of all Muslim males dreaming of sexual bliss in the Muslim hereafter, to conjure away the wide-eyed '''houris''' promised to the faithful in suras XLIV.54; LII.20, LV.72, and LVI.22. Luxenberg's new analysis, leaning on the Hymns of Ephrem the Syrian, yields "white raisins" of "crystal clarity" rather than doe-eyed, and ever willing virgins - the '''houris'''.}}
#* {{quote-journal
⚫
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2009|author=Nerina Rustomji|title=The Garden and the Fire: Heaven and Hell in Islamic Culture|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=9780231140843|page=114| passage=The repetition of material about the '''houri''' suggests that the popularization of that figure occurred as early as the ninth century and continued well into the twelfth century. By then, the '''houri''' had become a kind of metonymy for the Garden, as well as an accepted object. A new role of the '''houri''' as the superlative being of the Garden emerged through the use of traditions, and most of all the structure of the text. Al-Qadi's text provides an excellent example of the importance of the '''houri'''.}}
|en
⚫
#* {{quote-song|en|title=What If…?|album=Still Smiling|artist=Teho Teardo; Blixa Bargeld|year=2013| passage=What if in paradise there are no '''houris''' waiting? / What if but all you get are grapes, succulent grapes? / What if it's all just a mistake in the translation?}}
|date=2002-01-12
⚫
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2017|author=Matthew S. Gordon; Kathryn A. Hain|title=Concubines and Courtesans: Women and Slavery in Islamic History| publisher=Oxford University Press| isbn=9780190622183| page=274| passage=Although the beauty of '''houris''' is described in terms of cosmic pureness and sumptuary materials, the qiyan are understood through attributes and affects. Yet, the '''houris''' have one constitutive attribute. They are fair and they have big eyes. Is the '''houri''' based on any particular model of beauty or a kind of female slave? Ibn Butlan, in his Risalafi shira'al-raqiq wa-taqlib al-abid, offers a rubric for female slaves; however, the descriptions of '''houris''' do not align with other descriptions of slaves.}}
|author=Ibn Warraq
|title=Virgins? What virgins?
|work=The Guardian
|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2002/jan/12/books.guardianreview5
⚫
|passage=We cannot go into the technical details of his methodology but it allows Luxenberg, to the probable horror of all Muslim males dreaming of sexual bliss in the Muslim hereafter, to conjure away the wide-eyed '''houris''' promised to the faithful in suras XLIV.54; LII.20, LV.72, and LVI.22. Luxenberg's new analysis, leaning on the Hymns of Ephrem the Syrian, yields "white raisins" of "crystal clarity" rather than doe-eyed, and ever willing virgins - the '''houris'''.}}
#* '''2009''', Nerina Rustomji, ''The Garden and the Fire: Heaven and Hell in Islamic Culture'', Columbia University Press ({{ISBN|9780231140843}}), page 114
⚫
#*: {{quote|en|The repetition of material about the '''houri''' suggests that the popularization of that figure occurred as early as the ninth century and continued well into the twelfth century. By then, the '''houri''' had become a kind of metonymy for the Garden, as well as an accepted object. A new role of the '''houri''' as the superlative being of the Garden emerged through the use of traditions, and most of all the structure of the text. Al-Qadi's text provides an excellent example of the importance of the '''houri'''.}}
#* {{quote-song
|en
|title=What If…?
|album=Still Smiling
|artist=Teho Teardo, Blixa Bargeld
|year=2013
⚫
|passage=What if in paradise there are no '''houris''' waiting? / What if but all you get are grapes, succulent grapes? / What if it's all just a mistake in the translation?}}
#* '''2017''', Matthew S. Gordon, Kathryn A. Hain, ''Concubines and Courtesans: Women and Slavery in Islamic History'', Oxford University Press ({{ISBN|9780190622183}}), page 274
⚫
#*: {{quote|en|Although the beauty of '''houris''' is described in terms of cosmic pureness and sumptuary materials, the qiyan are understood through attributes and affects. Yet, the '''houris''' have one constitutive attribute. They are fair and they have big eyes. Is the '''houri''' based on any particular model of beauty or a kind of female slave? Ibn Butlan, in his Risalafi shira'al-raqiq wa-taqlib al-abid, offers a rubric for female slaves; however, the descriptions of '''houris''' do not align with other descriptions of slaves.}}
# {{lb|en|by extension}} Any [[voluptuous]], [[beautiful]] [[woman]].
# {{lb|en|by extension}} Any [[voluptuous]], [[beautiful]] [[woman]].
⚫
#* {{RQ:Charlotte Bronte Jane Eyre|volume=II|page=242|passage=I would not exchange this one little English girl for the Grand Turk’s whole seraglio; gazelle-eyes, '''houri''' forms and all!}}
#* '''1850''', {{w|Charlotte Brontë}}, ''{{w|Jane Eyre}}'':
#* {{RQ:Thackeray Pendennis|chapter=74|passage=“The town is full of temptations, sir,” continued Pen. The old gentleman thought of that '''houri''', Mrs. O’Leary.}}
⚫
#*: {{quote|en|I would not exchange this one little English girl for the Grand Turk’s whole seraglio, gazelle eyes, '''houri'''- forms and all!}}


====Translations====
====Translations====
{{trans-top|(Islam) a nymph in the form of a beautiful virgin}}
{{trans-top|(Islam) a nymph in the form of a beautiful virgin}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|حُورِيَّة|f}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|حَوْرَاء|f}}
* Bulgarian: {{t|bg|хурия|f}}
* Bulgarian: {{t|bg|хурия|f}}
⚫
* Carpathian Rusyn: {{t|rue|гу́рія|f|sc=Cyrl}}
* Catalan: {{t|ca|hurí|f}}
* Chinese:
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|天女|tr=tiānnǚ|sc=Hani}}, {{t+|cmn|天仙|tr=tiānxiān|sc=Hani}}
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|天女|tr=tiānnǚ}}, {{t+|cmn|天仙|tr=tiānxiān}}
* Czech: {{t|cs|huriska|f}}
* Czech: {{t|cs|huriska|f}}
* Danish: {{t|da|huri}}
* Danish: {{t|da|huri}}
Line 47: Line 35:
* French: {{t+|fr|houri|f}}
* French: {{t+|fr|houri|f}}
* German: {{t+|de|Huri|f}}
* German: {{t+|de|Huri|f}}
* Gujarati: {{t|gu|હૂરી|f}}, {{t|gu|હૂર|f}}
* Hindi: {{t+|hi|हूर|f}}
* Hindi: {{t+|hi|हूर|f}}
* Italian: {{t|it|uri|f}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|uri|f}}
* Japanese: {{t|ja|フーリー|tr=fūrī|sc=Jpan}}, {{t|ja|天女|tr=てんにょ, tennyo|sc=Jpan}}
* Japanese: {{t|ja|フーリー|tr=fūrī|sc=Jpan}}, {{t+|ja|天女|tr=てんにょ, tennyo|sc=Jpan}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|حوری|tr=huri|sc=fa-Arab}}
* Kazakh: {{t|kk|хор}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|حوری|tr=huri}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|hurysa|f}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|hurysa|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t|pt|huri|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t|pt|húri|f}}
* Punjabi: {{t|pa|ਹੂਰ|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|гу́рия|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|гу́рия|f}}
⚫
* Rusyn: {{t|rue|гу́рія|f|sc=Cyrl}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|хурија|f}}
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|хурија|f}}
Line 70: Line 59:
* {{pedia}}
* {{pedia}}


[[Category:en:Mythological creatures]]
{{C|en|Mythological creatures|People}}
[[Category:en:People]]

----


==Finnish==
==Finnish==
Line 80: Line 66:
{{head|fi|verb form}}
{{head|fi|verb form}}


# {{infl of|fi|houria||3|s|past|ind|;|pres|act|ind|conn|;|2|s|pres|imp|;|2|s|pres|act|imp|conn}}
# {{fi-form of|houria|pr=third-person|pl=singular|mood=indicative|tense=past}}
# {{fi-form of|houria|mood=indicative|tense=present connegative}}
# {{fi-form of|houria|pr=second-person|pl=singular|mood=imperative|tense=present}}
# {{fi-form of|houria|pr=second-person|pl=singular|mood=imperative|tense=present connegative}}


===Anagrams===
===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|fi|a=hioru|roihu|rouhi}}
* {{anagrams|fi|a=hioru|roihu|rouhi}}

==French==

===Etymology===
{{bor+|fr|fa|حوری|tr=hurî}}, from {{der|fr|ar|حُورِيّ}} and {{der|fr|ar|حُورِيَّة}}, adjective and feminine singulative of {{m|ar|حُور}} from [[Classical Arabic]] {{m|ar|حُورٌ عِينٌ|t=fair maidens, black-eyed ones}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{fr-IPA}}
⚫
* {{rhymes|fr|i|s=2}}

===Noun===
{{fr-noun|f}}

# {{lb|fr|Islam}} {{l|en|houri}}
# [[harem]] [[girl]], [[odalisque]]
# {{lb|fr|figurative}} [[beauty]] {{gloss|beautiful woman}}

====Descendants====
* {{desc|ca|hurí|bor=1}}
* {{desc|en|houri|bor=1}}
* {{desc|de|Huri|bor=1}}

===References===
* {{R:fr:TLFi}}

Latest revision as of 13:45, 5 October 2024

English

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From French houri, from Persian حوری (hurî), from Arabic حُورِيّ (ḥūriyy) and Arabic حُورِيَّة (ḥūriyya), adjective and feminine singulative of حُور (ḥūr) from Classical Arabic حُورٌ عِينٌ (ḥūrun ʕīnun, “fair maidens, black-eyed ones”). See أَحْوَر m (ʔaḥwar), حَوْرَاء f (ḥawrāʔ) for the base adjective.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

houri (plural houris)

  1. (Islam) A beautiful virgin girl supposed to dwell in Paradise for the enjoyment of the faithful.
    • 2002 January 12, Ibn Warraq, “Virgins? What virgins?”, in The Guardian‎[1]:
      We cannot go into the technical details of his methodology but it allows Luxenberg, to the probable horror of all Muslim males dreaming of sexual bliss in the Muslim hereafter, to conjure away the wide-eyed houris promised to the faithful in suras XLIV.54; LII.20, LV.72, and LVI.22. Luxenberg's new analysis, leaning on the Hymns of Ephrem the Syrian, yields "white raisins" of "crystal clarity" rather than doe-eyed, and ever willing virgins - the houris.
    • 2009, Nerina Rustomji, The Garden and the Fire: Heaven and Hell in Islamic Culture, Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page 114:
      The repetition of material about the houri suggests that the popularization of that figure occurred as early as the ninth century and continued well into the twelfth century. By then, the houri had become a kind of metonymy for the Garden, as well as an accepted object. A new role of the houri as the superlative being of the Garden emerged through the use of traditions, and most of all the structure of the text. Al-Qadi's text provides an excellent example of the importance of the houri.
    • 2013, “What If…?”, in Still Smiling, performed by Teho Teardo and Blixa Bargeld:
      What if in paradise there are no houris waiting? / What if but all you get are grapes, succulent grapes? / What if it's all just a mistake in the translation?
    • 2017, Matthew S. Gordon, Kathryn A. Hain, Concubines and Courtesans: Women and Slavery in Islamic History, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 274:
      Although the beauty of houris is described in terms of cosmic pureness and sumptuary materials, the qiyan are understood through attributes and affects. Yet, the houris have one constitutive attribute. They are fair and they have big eyes. Is the houri based on any particular model of beauty or a kind of female slave? Ibn Butlan, in his Risalafi shira'al-raqiq wa-taqlib al-abid, offers a rubric for female slaves; however, the descriptions of houris do not align with other descriptions of slaves.
  2. (by extension) Any voluptuous, beautiful woman.

Translations

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]

Finnish

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

houri

  1. inflection of houria:
    1. third-person singular past indicative
    2. present active indicative connegative
    3. second-person singular present imperative
    4. second-person singular present active imperative connegative

Anagrams

[edit]

French

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Borrowed from Persian حوری (hurî), from Arabic حُورِيّ (ḥūriyy) and Arabic حُورِيَّة (ḥūriyya), adjective and feminine singulative of حُور (ḥūr) from Classical Arabic حُورٌ عِينٌ (ḥūrun ʕīnun, “fair maidens, black-eyed ones”).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

houri f (plural houris)

  1. (Islam) houri
  2. harem girl, odalisque
  3. (figurative) beauty (beautiful woman)

Descendants

[edit]
  • → Catalan: hurí
  • → English: houri
  • → German: Huri

References

[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=houri&oldid=82289473"