Berlin
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit](German city and state):
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /bəˈlɪn/, /bɜːˈlɪn/, (rarely) /bɛə̯ˈlɪn/
- (General American) IPA(key): [bɚˈlɪn]
Audio (Southern England): (file) - Rhymes: -ɪn
(US cities and towns, and compounds derived from the German city and state):
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈbɜː.lɪn/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈbɝ.lɪn/, enPR: bûrʹlĭn
- Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)lɪn
Proper noun
[edit]Berlin (countable and uncountable, plural Berlins)
- The capital and largest city of Germany.
- (metonymically) The German government.
- 2014, Christopher Simpson, “three”, in Mark Crispin Miller, editor, Blowback: America’s Recruitment of Nazis and Its Destructive Impact on Our Domestic and Foreign Policy[2], New York: Open Road Media, →ISBN, page 79:
- The practical implication of this decision in the world of 1948 is clear: The United States would indeed support the veterans of the Vlasov Army, the eastern SS collaborators, and other groups that had permitted themselves to become pawns of Berlin during the war.
- A state of Germany containing the capital city.
- A surname from German.
- A female given name from German.
- A civil parish of the municipality of Seedorf, Segeberg district, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
- The former name of Kitchener, a city in the Regional Municipality of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
- A village in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia.
- A small town in Eastern Cape province, South Africa.
- A place in the United States
- The former name of Genevra, an unincorporated community in Colusa County, California, United States.
- A town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States.
- A small city in Colquitt County, Georgia, United States.
- A village in Sangamon County, Illinois, United States.
- A ghost town in Johnson Township, Clinton County, Indiana, United States.
- An unincorporated community in Bourbon County, Kansas, United States.
- An unincorporated community in Bracken County, Kentucky, United States.
- A town in Worcester County, Maryland, United States.
- A town in Worcester County, Mississippi, United States.
- The former name of Marne, an unincorporated community in Ottawa County, Michigan, United States.
- The former name of Otoe, a village in Otoe County, Nebraska, United States.
- A ghost town in Nye County, Nevada, United States.
- A city in Coos County, New Hampshire, United States.
- A borough of Camden County, New Jersey, United States.
- A town in Rensselaer County, New York, United States.
- A tiny city in LaMoure County, North Dakota, United States.
- An unincorporated community and census-designated place in Berlin Township, Holmes County, Ohio, United States.
- An unincorporated community in Florence Township, Williams County, Ohio, United States.
- A borough of Somerset County, Pennsylvania, United States.
- An unincorporated community in Marshall County, Tennessee, United States.
- An unincorporated community in Washington County, Texas, United States.
- A town in Washington County, Vermont, United States.
- An unincorporated community in Lewis County, West Virginia, United States.
- A city in Green Lake County and Waushara County, Wisconsin, United States.
- A town in Green Lake County, Wisconsin, United States, mostly surrounding the city of the same name.
- A town in Marathon County, Wisconsin, United States.
- Ellipsis of Berlin Township.
Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]
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See also
[edit]Area states: Baden-Württemberg · Bavaria · Brandenburg · Hesse · Lower Saxony · Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania · North Rhine-Westphalia · Rhineland-Palatinate · Saarland · Saxony · Saxony-Anhalt · Schleswig-Holstein · Thuringia |
City states: Berlin · Bremen · Hamburg |
Noun
[edit]Berlin
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for “Berlin”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.)
Central Franconian
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Berlin n
- Berlin
- 1909, Heinrich Koch, Kölsche Verzällcher. II. Bändchen, Köln, p. 38:
- Der ganze Dag hat se mem Annche gesprov, un dat Vüggelche hatt esu staats gesunge, dat ald Mutter un Doochter üvverlaht hatte, ov de Huhzicksreis no Berlin ov no Italie gemaht sollt wähde.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 2007, das kölsche liedbuch, (Lund Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Köln), p. 32, song Hey Kölle! Do bes e Jeföhl:
- Ich han die Städte der Welt jesin,
ich wor in Rio, in New York un Berlin!- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1909, Heinrich Koch, Kölsche Verzällcher. II. Bändchen, Köln, p. 38:
Central Nahuatl
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Berlin
- Berlin (the capital city of Germany)
Danish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Berlin
- Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
- Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)
Faroese
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Berlin m
French
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Berlin m
- Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
- Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Vietnamese: Béc-lanh
See also
[edit]États de la zone: Bade-Wurtemberg · Bavière · Brandebourg · Hesse · Basse-Saxe · Mecklembourg-Poméranie-Occidentale · Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie · Rhénanie-Palatinat · Sarre · Saxe · Saxe-Anhalt · Schleswig-Holstein · Thuringe |
cités-États: Berlin · Brême · Hambourg |
German
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]The place is first mentioned by this name in the late 12th century (as Middle Low German Berlyn).
The origin is unknown. Slavic by the suffix -in.
According to (incorrect) folk etymology, the name is derived from the Bär (“bear”) that is the symbol of the city.
In a popular etymology of Germanists, it is derived from a Polabian stem *berl- ~ *birl- (“swamp”), for which lexical item there is no evidence in Polabian nor in any Slavic language. Closest to that would be an unknown simple of *bьrlogъ (“cave”).
Attested vocabulary is Polabian poro (“swamp, bog”). *bělь also meant a “swampy meadow” or “white field”, which fits the location at the märkische Streusandbüchse, the “Margraviate pounce box” notorious for its sandy soil, and is also the noun behind Belitz.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard New High German) IPA(key): [bɛʁˈliːn], [bɛɐ̯ˈliːn],
- (Berlinisch) IPA(key): [bɐ̠liːn], [bɐ̠liːən][1]
Audio (Berlin, standard): (file) Audio: (file) Audio: (file)
Proper noun
[edit]Berlin n (proper noun, genitive Berlins or (optionally with an article) Berlin, plural Berlin)
- Berlin (the capital and largest city and state of Germany)
- 1800, Johann Paul Friedrich Richter, (Please provide the book title or journal name):
- Berlin ist mehr ein Weltteil als eine Stadt.
- Berlin is more a part of a world than a city.
- 1910, Karl Scheffler, author of Berlin: Ein Stadtschicksal:
- Berlin ist eine Stadt, verdammt dazu, ewig zu werden, niemals zu sein.
- Berlin is a city damned forever to become, never to be.
- (metonymically) Berlin (federal government of Germany)
Meronyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- Alt-Berlin
- Berlin-Dahlem
- Berlin-Friedrichshain
- Berlin-Johannisthal
- Berlin-Köpenik
- Berlin-Lichtenberg
- Berlin-Marzahn
- Berlin-Mitte
- Berlin-Moabit
- Berlin-Neukölln
- Berlin-Pankow
- Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg
- Berlin-Reinickendorf
- Berlin-Steglitz
- Berlin-Treptow
- Berlin-Wedding
- Berlin-Wilmersdorf
- Berlin-Zehlendorf
- Berlinale
- Berline
- Berliner
- berlinfern
- berlinisch
- Berlinisch
- berlinnah
- einen Koffer in Berlin haben
- Großberlin, Groß-Berlin
- Ostberlin, Ost-Berlin
- Westberlin, West-Berlin
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]See also
[edit]Flächenländer: Baden-Württemberg · Bayern · Brandenburg · Hessen · Niedersachsen · Mecklenburg-Vorpommern · Nordrhein-Westfalen · Rheinland-Pfalz · Saarland · Sachsen · Sachsen-Anhalt · Schleswig-Holstein · Thüringen |
Stadtstaaten: Berlin · Bremen · Hamburg |
References
[edit]- ^ “Peter Schlobinski: Zur r-Vokalisierung im Berlinischen. — Archived copy”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)[1], 2016 February 5 (last accessed), archived from the original on 5 July 2017
Hungarian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Berlin
- Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
- Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)
Declension
[edit]Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | Berlin | — |
accusative | Berlint | — |
dative | Berlinnek | — |
instrumental | Berlinnel | — |
causal-final | Berlinért | — |
translative | Berlinné | — |
terminative | Berlinig | — |
essive-formal | Berlinként | — |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | Berlinben | — |
superessive | Berlinen | — |
adessive | Berlinnél | — |
illative | Berlinbe | — |
sublative | Berlinre | — |
allative | Berlinhez | — |
elative | Berlinből | — |
delative | Berlinről | — |
ablative | Berlintől | — |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
Berliné | — |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
Berlinéi | — |
Possessive forms of Berlin | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | Berlinem | — |
2nd person sing. | Berlined | — |
3rd person sing. | Berlinje | — |
1st person plural | Berlinünk | — |
2nd person plural | Berlinetek | — |
3rd person plural | Berlinjük | — |
Derived terms
[edit]Norwegian Bokmål
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Berlin
- Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
- Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)
Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Berlin
- Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
- Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)
Polish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Berlin m inan (related adjective berliński)
- Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
- Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]Area states: Badenia-Wirtembergia · Bawaria · Brandenburgia · Hesja · Dolna Saksonia · Meklemburgia-Pomorze Przednie · Nadrenia Północna-Westfalia · Nadrenia-Palatynat · Saara · Saksonia · Saksonia-Anhalt · Szlezwik-Holsztyn · Turyngia |
City states: Berlin · Brema · Hamburg |
Further reading
[edit]- Berlin in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- Berlin in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Berlin f
- Alternative form of Berlim
Romanian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Berlin n
- Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
- Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)
Declension
[edit]singular | ||
---|---|---|
n gender | indefinite articulation | definite articulation |
nominative/accusative | (un) Berlin | Berlinul |
genitive/dative | (unui) Berlin | Berlinului |
vocative | Berlinule |
Derived terms
[edit]Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Bèrlīn m (Cyrillic spelling Бѐрлӣн)
- Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
- Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)
Declension
[edit]Swedish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Berlin n (genitive Berlins)
- Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
- Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)
Tatar
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Berlin
- Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
- Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)
Declension
[edit]Turkish
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Berlin
- Berlin (the capital and largest city of Germany)
- Berlin (a state of Germany, containing the capital city)
Welsh
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]Berlin f
- Berlin (the capital city of Germany)
Mutation
[edit]- English terms derived from German
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ɪn
- Rhymes:English/ɪn/2 syllables
- Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)lɪn
- Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)lɪn/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English proper nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Berlin
- en:Cities in Germany
- en:National capitals
- en:Places in Germany
- English metonyms
- English terms with quotations
- en:States of Germany
- English surnames
- English surnames from German
- English given names
- English female given names
- English female given names from German
- en:Places in Schleswig-Holstein
- en:Cities in Ontario
- en:Cities in Canada
- en:Places in Ontario
- en:Places in Canada
- en:Villages in Chelyabinsk Oblast
- en:Villages in Russia
- en:Places in Chelyabinsk Oblast
- en:Places in Russia
- en:Towns in South Africa
- en:Places in South Africa
- en:Places in the United States
- en:Unincorporated communities in California, USA
- en:Unincorporated communities in the United States
- en:Places in California, USA
- en:Towns in Connecticut, USA
- en:Towns in the United States
- en:Places in Connecticut, USA
- en:Cities in Georgia, USA
- en:Cities in the United States
- en:Places in Georgia, USA
- en:Villages in Illinois, USA
- en:Villages in the United States
- en:Places in Illinois, USA
- en:Ghost towns in Indiana, USA
- en:Places in Indiana, USA
- en:Unincorporated communities in Kansas, USA
- en:Places in Kansas, USA
- en:Unincorporated communities in Kentucky, USA
- en:Places in Kentucky, USA
- en:Towns in Maryland, USA
- en:Places in Maryland, USA
- en:Towns in Mississippi, USA
- en:Places in Mississippi, USA
- en:Unincorporated communities in Michigan, USA
- en:Places in Michigan, USA
- en:Villages in Nebraska, USA
- en:Places in Nebraska, USA
- en:Ghost towns in Nevada, USA
- en:Places in Nevada, USA
- en:Cities in New Hampshire, USA
- en:Places in New Hampshire, USA
- en:Boroughs in New Jersey, USA
- en:Places in New Jersey, USA
- en:Towns in New York, USA
- en:Places in New York, USA
- en:Cities in North Dakota, USA
- en:Places in North Dakota, USA
- en:Unincorporated communities in Ohio, USA
- en:Census-designated places in Ohio, USA
- en:Census-designated places in the United States
- en:Places in Ohio, USA
- en:Boroughs in Pennsylvania, USA
- en:Places in Pennsylvania, USA
- en:Unincorporated communities in Tennessee, USA
- en:Places in Tennessee, USA
- en:Unincorporated communities in Texas, USA
- en:Places in Texas, USA
- en:Towns in Vermont, USA
- en:Places in Vermont, USA
- en:Unincorporated communities in West Virginia, USA
- en:Places in West Virginia, USA
- en:Cities in Wisconsin, USA
- en:Places in Wisconsin, USA
- en:Towns in Wisconsin, USA
- English ellipses
- English nouns
- English nouns with unknown or uncertain plurals
- Central Franconian lemmas
- Central Franconian proper nouns
- Central Franconian neuter nouns
- Central Franconian terms with quotations
- Central Nahuatl lemmas
- Central Nahuatl proper nouns
- nhn:Berlin
- nhn:Cities in Germany
- nhn:National capitals
- nhn:Places in Germany
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Danish lemmas
- Danish proper nouns
- da:Berlin
- da:Cities in Germany
- da:National capitals
- da:Places in Germany
- da:States of Germany
- Faroese lemmas
- Faroese proper nouns
- Faroese masculine nouns
- fo:Berlin
- fo:Cities in Germany
- fo:National capitals
- fo:Places in Germany
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French lemmas
- French proper nouns
- French masculine nouns
- fr:Berlin
- fr:Cities in Germany
- fr:National capitals
- fr:Places in Germany
- fr:States of Germany
- German terms borrowed from Middle Low German
- German terms derived from Middle Low German
- German terms with unknown etymologies
- German terms derived from Slavic languages
- German terms suffixed with -in (toponymy)
- German terms derived from Polabian
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio links
- German lemmas
- German proper nouns
- German neuter nouns
- de:Berlin
- de:Cities in Germany
- de:National capitals
- de:States of Germany
- de:Places in Germany
- German terms with quotations
- German metonyms
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/in
- Rhymes:Hungarian/in/2 syllables
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian proper nouns
- hu:Berlin
- hu:Cities in Germany
- hu:National capitals
- hu:Places in Germany
- hu:States of Germany
- Norwegian Bokmål lemmas
- Norwegian Bokmål proper nouns
- nb:Berlin
- nb:Cities in Germany
- nb:National capitals
- nb:Places in Germany
- nb:States of Germany
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk proper nouns
- nn:Berlin
- nn:Cities in Germany
- nn:National capitals
- nn:Places in Germany
- nn:States of Germany
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/ɛrlin
- Rhymes:Polish/ɛrlin/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish proper nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish inanimate nouns
- pl:Berlin
- pl:Cities in Germany
- pl:National capitals
- pl:Places in Germany
- pl:States of Germany
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese proper nouns
- Portuguese feminine nouns
- Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian proper nouns
- Romanian neuter nouns
- ro:Berlin
- ro:Cities in Germany
- ro:National capitals
- ro:Places in Germany
- ro:States of Germany
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian proper nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- sh:Berlin
- sh:Cities in Germany
- sh:National capitals
- sh:Places in Germany
- sh:States of Germany
- Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish proper nouns
- Swedish neuter nouns
- sv:Berlin
- sv:Cities in Germany
- sv:National capitals
- sv:Places in Germany
- sv:States of Germany
- Tatar lemmas
- Tatar proper nouns
- tt:Berlin
- tt:Cities in Germany
- tt:National capitals
- tt:Places in Germany
- tt:States of Germany
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish proper nouns
- tr:Berlin
- tr:Cities in Germany
- tr:National capitals
- tr:Places in Germany
- tr:States of Germany
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Welsh/ɪn
- Rhymes:Welsh/ɪn/2 syllables
- Welsh lemmas
- Welsh proper nouns
- Welsh feminine nouns
- cy:Berlin
- cy:Cities in Germany
- cy:National capitals
- cy:Places in Germany