moc
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Clipping of moccasin, from Powhatan makasin.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]moc (plural mocs)
Derived terms
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Catalan
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Latin mŭccus, an alternative form of mūcus, from Proto-Indo-European *mew-k- (“slimy, slippery”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]moc m (plural mocs)
- mucus, phlegm
- snot
- candle drippings
- (figurative, colloquial) snub, rebuff
- snood (the flap of erectile red skin on the beak of a male turkey)
- (nautical) martingale (spar used to strengthen the bowsprit)
- (botany) catkin
- (ichthyology) big salp (Salpa maxima) (type of fish)
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Claimed by the DCVB (Diccionari català-valencià-balear) to be derived from a nonexistent English bock, supposedly meaning "vase". Perhaps in reality a confusion with French bock (“beer stein”), from German Bockbier (“bock beer”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]moc m (plural mocs)
Etymology 3
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]moc
- first-person singular present indicative of moure (“I move”)
References
[edit]- “moc” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “moc”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “moc” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “moc” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Czech
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Czech moc, from Proto-Slavic *moťь.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]moc f
- power (control and influence over another)
- Strana získala moc díky vlivu svého charismatického vůdce. ― The party has won power thanks to the influence of its charismatic leader.
- potency
- force, forcefulness
- strength
- clout
- might
- sway
- authority, mastership
- warrant
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Adverb
[edit]moc
- too (to an excessive degree)
- Synonym: příliš
- Ten je moc velký. ― That one is too big.
- very much, a lot
Further reading
[edit]- “moc”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935-1957
- “moc”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
- “moc”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
Lower Sorbian
[edit]Verb
[edit]moc impf
Conjugation
[edit]Present | Singular | Dual | Plural |
---|---|---|---|
1st person | mogu možom |
možomej | možomy |
2nd person | možoš | možotej | možośo |
3rd person | možo | možotej | mogu |
Present negative | Singular | Dual | Plural |
1st person | njamogu njamožom |
njamožomej | njamožomy |
2nd person | njamožoš | njamožotej | njamožośo |
3rd person | njamožo | njamožotej | njamogu |
Preterite | Singular | Dual | Plural |
1st person | možech | možechmej | možechmy |
2nd person | možešo | možeštej | možešćo |
3rd person | možešo | možeštej | možechu |
- Participles
Masurian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish moc.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]moc f
- power (physical or spiritual strength)
- power (effectiveness or ability to influence)
- power (effectiveness or ability to gain an intended effect)
- a lot; many; much
Verb
[edit]moc (not comparable)
Further reading
[edit]- Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2024) “moc”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur, volume 4, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, pages 170-171
Old Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mȍťь. First attested in the first half of the 14th century.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]moc f
- (attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) power (physical or spiritual strength)
- Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie[1], Krakow, page gl. 148b:
- Primo a fortitudine, prze gego mocz, ibi Michael, qui interpretatur quis ut deus, secundo a nobilitate..., tercio a magna bonitate
- [Primo a fortitudine, prze jego moc, ibi Michael, qui interpretatur quis ut deus, secundo a nobilitate..., tercio a magna bonitate]
- c. 1301-1350, Kazania świętokrzyskie[2], Miechów, page ar 3:
- Puace v moch boga uasego
- [Pwacie w moc Boga waszego]
- 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter][3], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 17, 35:
- Bog, iensze przepasal me moczø (virtute) y poloszil iest nepokalanø drogø moiø
- [Bog, jenże przepasał mie mocą (virtute) i położył jest niepokalaną drogę moję]
- 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter][4], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 17, 1:
- Milowacz cze bødø, gospodne, moczy moia (fortitudo mea)!
- [Miłować cie będę, Gospodnie, mocy moja (fortitudo mea)!]
- (attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) power (ability to influence)
- Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie[5], Krakow, page 181a:
- Tako vøcz natichmasth moczø tich to bosich slof svøty Gan gestcy szø on bil rodzon[y]m szynem panne Marie vcinil
- [Tako więc natychmiast mocą tych to bożych słow Święty Jan jestci się on był rodzon[y]m synem panny Maryje uczynił]
- 1461-1467, Sermones. Rękopiśmienne ekscerpty pochodzące z rkpsu Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej o sygn. 230 (dawna sygn. 1421/108 Mns) z roku 1461-1467, page 96r:
- Dosconala mocz lekarstwa perfecta gracia medicine
- [Doskonała moc lekarstwa perfecta gracia medicine]
- (attested in Greater Poland) force (unlawful force, violence; rape)
- 1959 [1389], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 239, Poznań:
- Toma ne vczinil moczi nat Chroslø... pirwey, nis se wansoual
- [Toma nie uczynił mocy nad Chroślą... pirwej, niż sie [w]więzował]
- (attested in Lesser Poland) force, power, authority (ability to do something in office)
- c. 1301-1350, Kazania świętokrzyskie[6], Miechów, page ar 6:
- Pocøhø sø modlich, izbi ie bog zbauil ot mocy crola poganskego
- [Poczęchą się modlić, iżby je Bog zbawił ot mocy krola pogańskiego]
- Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa[7], page 167:
- Tegodlya dyabel ny ma ve mnye nyedney moczy (nullam habet potestatem), vschakos bądzye przeczyvnye *vkazavacz svoyą chytroscz, o ktorąsz badzye straczon z yego moczą (pro quo suo chirographo privatur)
- [Tegodla dyjabeł ni ma we mnie nijednej mocy (nullam habet potestatem), wszakoż będzie przeciw mie ukazować swoję chytrość, o ktorąż będzie stracon z jego mocą (pro quo suo chirographo privatur)]
- (attested in Silesia, Greater Poland) prestige, authority
- 1885-2024 [End of the 15th century], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne[8], volume III, Wrocław, page 290:
- Mocz wszelkyego lekarzą za zakon autoritas medici pro lege
- [Moc wszelkiego lekarza za zakon autoritas medici pro lege]
- (attested in Greater Poland) legal legitimacy
- 1959 [1429], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 1341, Poznań:
- Jsze pan Jan Jugo nycz nye ma w Staschewe any listy wsdawn[y]e pana staroscyni dzelne na pol Staschewa Jugowi visly, ktore bi mocz mąly
- [Iże pan Jan Jugo nic nie ma w Stęszewie any listy wzdawn[y]e pana starościny dzielne na poł Stęszewa Jugowi wyszły, ktore by moc miały]
- (attested in Greater Poland) right to something, entitlement, permission
- Synonym: prawo
- 1959 [1400], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 463, Poznań:
- Iaco yeszm zapowedzal pana Mikoszewø moczø Woczechowy..., by iego roley ne oral
- [Jako jeśm zapowiedział pana Mikoszewą mocą Wociechowi..., by jego rolej nie orał]
- Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa[9], page 43:
- Kazdemv dana yest mocz thych kxyąg *polebschacz (cuilibet conceditur facultas corrigendi librum istum), yako yego volyą
- [Każdemu dana jest moc tych ksiąg polepszać (cuilibet conceditur facultas corrigendi librum istum), jako jego wola]
- material means, resources, property
- 1874-1891 [Middle of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności[10], [11], [12], volume XXII, page 240:
- Tocz mylossyerdze gesth [gest] czudzey byadi zalowanye y wszmozenye *poduk moczi
- [Toć miłosierdzie jest cudzej biady żałowanie i wzmożenie pod[ł]ug mocy]
- (attested in Lesser Poland) power; organized force, fighting force, army
- 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter][13], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 23, 10:
- Gospodzin mooczy on iest crol slawi (dominus virtutum ipse est rex gloriae)
- [Gospodzin mocy, on jest krol sławy (dominus virtutum ipse est rex gloriae)]
Derived terms
[edit]- mocować impf
Related terms
[edit]- móc impf
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “moc”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
- Mańczak, Witold (2017) “moc”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
- Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “moc”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “moc”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
- Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “moc”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk
Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish moc.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /mɔt͡s/
- (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈmɔt͡s/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ɔt͡s
- Syllabification: moc
Noun
[edit]moc f
- (countable) power (physical or spiritual strength)
- Synonym: siła
- (uncountable) power (energy or force released by some device or phenomenon)
- Synonym: siła
- (uncountable, physics, mechanics) power, strength (measure of the effectiveness that a force producing a physical effect has over time)
- (uncountable) power (effectiveness or ability to influence)
- (uncountable) power, strength; concentration (degree of concentration i.e. of an acid)
- Synonym: stężenie
- (uncountable) strength (ability to resist damage or destruction)
- Synonym: wytrzymałość
- (uncountable) force (legal validity)
- Synonym: prawomocność
- (countable) force, strength, power (ability to perform specific tasks in a production facility)
- (uncountable) force, strength, power (work done per unit of time)
- (uncountable) a lot; many; much
- Synonym: mnóstwo
- (in the plural) powers (mysterious forces or entities that are believed to cause unexplainable phenomena or events)
- (uncountable, obsolete, figuratively) strength (resilience, fortitude; bravery, valour)
- (uncountable, obsolete) emphaticness, perspicuity, explicitness
- (countable, obsolete) force, power (strength of a military unit)
- (uncountable, Middle Polish) strength (health of one's body)
- Synonym: zdrowie
- (countable, Middle Polish) property, trait
- Synonyms: cecha, właściwość
- (uncountable, Middle Polish) relevant sense, content, meaning
- (uncountable, Middle Polish, religion) God's omnipotence
- (uncountable, Middle Polish, religion) power given to people by God
- (countable, Middle Polish) miracle
- Synonym: cud
- (uncountable, Middle Polish, philosophy) form (in Aristotle's philosophy, the principle that shapes matter into a specific being)
- (uncountable, Middle Polish, biblical) host of heaven understood as an army of angels or as stars
- (uncountable, Middle Polish, biblical) heaven; sky
- Synonym: niebiosa
- (uncountable, Middle Polish, biblical) wealth, possessions
- (countable, Middle Polish, biblical) act, action; brave deed
- (countable, Middle Polish, biblical) stern facial expression
- (uncountable, Middle Polish, biblical) helmet
- Synonym: hełm
- (Middle Polish) power; Further details are uncertain.
- 1528, J. Murmelius, Dictionarius[14], page 206:
- Fortitudo. Sterck ader manlichkeit. Moc álbo mężnoſć.
- [Fortitudo. Sterck ader manlichkeit. Moc albo mężność.]
- 1539, W. Wróbel, Żołtarz Dawidów[15], page vv v:
- on podwyſſzy mocz ludu ſwego. Mocz, tho ieſth Chriſtuſa.
- [On podwyższy moc ludu swego. Moc, to jest Chrystusa.]
- 1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon[16], page 115b:
- Effectus, […] Dokonánie/ Spełnienie/ Koniec/ Moc/ álbo Przemożność.
- [Effectus, […] Dokonanie/ Spełnienie/ Koniec/ Moc/ albo Przemożność.]
- 1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon[17], page 238b:
- Murus per translationem dicitur, Moc/ Grunt/ Pewność/ Stałość.
- [Murus per translationem dicitur, Moc/ Grunt/ Pewność/ Stałość.]
- 1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon[18], page 08c:
- AEquipollentia, Iednáka moc/ równa przemożność.
- [AEquipollentia, Jednaká moc/ równá przemożność.]
- 1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon[19], page 503a:
- Unde tantum virium caeco, Zkądże ſie bierze táka moc ślepemu.
- [Unde tantum virium caeco, Skądże się bierze taká moc ślepemu.]
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- mocować impf
- leżeć w mocy impf
Related terms
[edit]- móc impf
Trivia
[edit]According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), moc is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 55 times in scientific texts, 15 times in news, 20 times in essays, 5 times in fiction, and 3 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 98 times, making it the 640th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- moc in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- moce in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- moc in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “moc”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “MOC”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 20.04.2013
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “moc”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “moc”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1902), “moc”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 1019
- Wanda Decyk-Zięba, editor (2018-2022), “moc”, in Dydaktyczny Słownik Etymologiczno-historyczny Języka Polskiego [A Didactic, Historical, Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), →ISBN
Romanian
[edit]Noun
[edit]moc m (plural moci)
- Alternative form of moacă
Declension
[edit]Silesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish moc.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]moc f
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]- mocnieć impf
Adverb
[edit]moc (not comparable)
Further reading
[edit]- moc in silling.org
- English clippings
- English terms derived from Powhatan
- English terms with homophones
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English informal terms
- Catalan terms inherited from Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan nouns
- Catalan countable nouns
- Catalan masculine nouns
- Catalan colloquialisms
- ca:Nautical
- ca:Botany
- ca:Ichthyology
- Menorcan Catalan
- Rhymes:Catalan/ɔk
- Rhymes:Catalan/ɔk/1 syllable
- Catalan non-lemma forms
- Catalan verb forms
- ca:Bodily fluids
- Czech terms inherited from Old Czech
- Czech terms derived from Old Czech
- Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech terms with audio links
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech feminine nouns
- Czech terms with usage examples
- Czech mixed i-stem feminine nouns
- Czech mixed i-stem feminine nouns (type 'moc')
- Czech adverbs
- Lower Sorbian lemmas
- Lower Sorbian verbs
- Lower Sorbian imperfective verbs
- Lower Sorbian superseded forms
- Lower Sorbian irregular verbs
- Masurian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Masurian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Masurian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Masurian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Masurian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Masurian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Masurian terms inherited from Old Polish
- Masurian terms derived from Old Polish
- Masurian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Masurian/ɔt͡s
- Rhymes:Masurian/ɔt͡s/1 syllable
- Masurian lemmas
- Masurian nouns
- Masurian feminine nouns
- Masurian adverbs
- Masurian uncomparable adverbs
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Polish lemmas
- Old Polish nouns
- Old Polish feminine nouns
- Lesser Poland Old Polish
- Greater Poland Old Polish
- Old Polish terms with quotations
- Silesia Old Polish
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish terms inherited from Old Polish
- Polish terms derived from Old Polish
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔt͡s
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔt͡s/1 syllable
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish feminine nouns
- Polish countable nouns
- Polish uncountable nouns
- pl:Physics
- pl:Mechanics
- Polish terms with obsolete senses
- Middle Polish
- pl:Religion
- pl:Philosophy
- pl:Bible
- Polish terms with uncertain meaning
- Polish terms with quotations
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian nouns
- Romanian countable nouns
- Romanian masculine nouns
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Silesian terms inherited from Old Polish
- Silesian terms derived from Old Polish
- Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Silesian/ɔt͡s
- Rhymes:Silesian/ɔt͡s/1 syllable
- Silesian lemmas
- Silesian nouns
- Silesian feminine nouns
- Silesian adverbs
- Silesian uncomparable adverbs