class
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English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle French classe, from Latin classis (“a class or division of the people, assembly of people, the whole body of citizens called to arms, the army, the fleet, later a class or division in general”), from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (“to call, shout”). Doublet of clas and classis.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Received Pronunciation, Ireland, New England) enPR: kläs, IPA(key): /klɑːs/
Audio (UK): (file) - (Northern England, Scotland) enPR: klăs, IPA(key): /klæs/, /klas/
- (General American, New York City) enPR: klăs, IPA(key): /klæs/, /kleəs/
Audio (US): (file) - (India) IPA(key): /klɑ(ː)s/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ɑːs, -æs
- Hyphenation: class
Noun
[edit]class (countable and uncountable, plural classes)
- (countable) A group, collection, category or set sharing characteristics or attributes.
- The new Ford Fiesta is set to be best in the 'small family' class.
- That is one class-A heifer you got there, sonny.
- Often used to imply membership of a large class.
- This word has a whole class of metaphoric extensions.
- 2011 October 1, Saj Chowdhury, “Wolverhampton 1-2 Newcastle”, in BBC Sport:
- The Magpies are unbeaten and enjoying their best run since 1994, although few would have thought the class of 2011 would come close to emulating their ancestors.
- (sociology, countable) A social grouping, based on job, wealth, etc. In Britain, society is commonly split into three main classes: upper class, middle class and working class.
- 2013 June 28, Joris Luyendijk, “Our banks are out of control”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 3, page 21:
- Seeing the British establishment struggle with the financial sector is like watching an alcoholic […]. Until 2008 there was denial over what finance had become. […] But the scandals kept coming, and so we entered stage three – what therapists call "bargaining". A broad section of the political class now recognises the need for change but remains unable to see the necessity of a fundamental overhaul. Instead it offers fixes and patches.
- (uncountable) The division of society into classes.
- Jane Austen's works deal with class in 18th-century England.
- (uncountable) Admirable behavior; elegance.
- Apologizing for losing your temper, even though you were badly provoked, showed real class.
- (education, countable and uncountable) A group of students in a regularly scheduled meeting with a teacher.
- The class was noisy, but the teacher was able to get their attention with a story.
- A series of lessons covering a single subject.
- I took the cooking class for enjoyment, but I also learned a lot.
- (countable) A group of students who commenced or completed their education during a particular year. A school class.
- The class of 1982 was particularly noteworthy.
- (countable) A category of seats in an airplane, train or other means of mass transportation.
- I used to fly business class, but now my company can only afford economy.
- 2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 101:
- The City & South London was also the first British passenger railway to offer only one class.
- (taxonomy, countable) A rank in the classification of organisms, below phylum and above order; a taxon of that rank.
- Magnolias belong to the class Magnoliopsida.
- Best of its kind.
- It is the class of Italian bottled waters.
- 1913 June 27, “The Crime Is Not in Making a Mistake, but in Repeating It.”, in Chicago Tribune:
- The mark made by Cory a new Central A. U. mark and he appears to be the class of the field in this event.
- 1929 October 27, “89,000 Watch So. California Defeat Stanford, 7 to 0”, in Chicago Tribune:
- University of Southern California's 7 to 0 defeat of the mighty Cardinal team ranked the victors the class of the far west
- 2009 May 8, “Waianae forces OIA rematch”, in Honolulu Star-Bulletin:
- Roosevelt (14-1) looked very much like the class of the OIA.
- (statistics) A grouping of data values in an interval, often used for computation of a frequency distribution.
- (set theory) A collection of sets definable by a shared property, especially one which is not itself a set (in which case the class is called proper).
- The class of all sets is not a set.
- Every set is a class, but classes are not generally sets. A class that is not a set is called a proper class.
- 1973, Abraham Fraenkel, Yehoshua Bar-Hillel, Azriel Lévy, Foundations of Set Theory, 2nd edition, Elsevier, page 119:
- In the present section we shall discuss the various systems of set theory which admit, beside sets, also classes. Classes are like sets, except that they can be very comprehensive; an extreme example of a class is the class which contains all sets. […] The main point which will, in our opinion, emerge from this analysis is that set theory with classes and set theory with sets only are not two separate theories; they are, essentially, different formulations of the same underlying theory.
- (military) A group of people subject to be conscripted in the same military draft, or more narrowly those persons actually conscripted in a particular draft.
- (object-oriented programming, countable) A set of objects having the same behavior (but typically differing in state), or a template defining such a set in terms of its common properties, functions, etc.
- an abstract base class
- One of the sections into which a Methodist church or congregation is divided, supervised by a class leader.
Synonyms
[edit]- See also Thesaurus:class
Hyponyms
[edit]programming, object-oriented: A set of objects having the same behavior or a template defining such a set
- abstract class
- age class
- anonymous class
- asset class
- base class
- child class
- class diagram
- closed class
- convenience class
- executive class
- factory class
- final class
- Gevrey class
- Girard form class
- inner class
- leisure class
- local class
- metaclass
- nested class
- open class
- outer class
- parent class
- partial class
- static class
- subclass
- superclass
- type class
- wrapper class
- (lesson on a single subject): preceptorial, lecture, seminar
Derived terms
[edit]- abstract factory class
- Aegis class cruiser
- airman first class
- anticlass
- back-class
- booking class
- cattle class
- Chern class
- class A
- classable
- class action (class-action, class action lawsuit, class suit)
- class adapter pattern
- class adviser
- class-based
- classbook
- class break
- class-conscious (class conscious)
- class consciousness
- classeme
- class envy
- classer
- classfellow
- classful
- classhood
- classicide
- class invariant
- classism
- classist
- classitis
- class-leading
- classlike
- class list
- classload
- classloader
- classloading
- class M
- classman
- classmark
- classmate
- classness
- classpath
- class ring
- class secretary
- classtime (class-time)
- class tourist
- class variable
- classward
- class warfare
- class warrior
- classwide
- classwise
- classwork
- classy
- coclass
- complemented class
- complexity class
- concrete class
- congruence class
- conjugacy class
- creative class
- crossclass
- crystal class
- cyberclass
- declass
- derived class
- disasterclass
- economy class syndrome
- eigenclass
- ethnoclass
- evening class
- first-class
- first-class continuation
- first class match
- fourth-class
- generic class
- God class
- high-class
- hom class
- home rule class
- hyperclass
- in-class
- infraclass
- interclass
- interval class
- intraclass
- life class
- low-class
- lower-class
- lower class
- lower middle class
- mapping class group
- market class
- master class
- member class
- midclass
- middle-class
- military load class
- misclass
- multiclass
- Nassau-class
- new class
- nonclass
- November class
- opportunity class
- other backward class
- overclass
- pointclass
- postclass
- preclass
- primitive wrapper class
- proper class
- pseudoclass
- reclass
- residue class
- ruling class
- sandwich class
- second-class
- spin class
- subclass (sub-class)
- superclass (super class)
- teleclass
- third-class
- top-class
- transclass
- trousered class
- typeclass
- underclass
- upper-class
- upper middle class
- videoclass
- virtual class
- warrant officer class 1
- warrant officer class 2
- weeder class
- weight class
- word class
- working-class
- world-class
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Assamese: ক্লাছ (klas)
- → Bengali: ক্লাস (klaś), কেলাস (kelaś) — nonstandard
- → Gulf Arabic: كلاس (klās) (or from French classe)
- → Hindustani:
- → Japanese: クラス (kurasu)
- → Korean: 클래스 (keullaeseu)
- → Nepali: क्लास (klās)
- → Scottish Gaelic: clas
- → Thai: คลาส (kláas)
- → Yoruba: kíláàsì
Translations
[edit]group, collection, category or set sharing characteristics or attributes
|
social grouping, based on job, wealth, etc.
|
division of society into classes
|
admirable behavior; elegance
|
group of students in a regularly scheduled meeting with a teacher
|
series of classes covering a single subject
|
group of students who commenced or completed their education during a particular year
|
category of seats in an airplane, train or other means of mass transportation
|
taxonomy: classification below Phylum and above Order
|
best of its kind
military: persons subject to the same draft
object-oriented programming: set of objects possibly differing in state but not behavior
|
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
Verb
[edit]class (third-person singular simple present classes, present participle classing, simple past and past participle classed)
- (transitive) To assign to a class; to classify.
- I would class this with most of the other mediocre works of the period.
- 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter II, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
- She was a fat, round little woman, richly apparelled in velvet and lace, […] ; and the way she laughed, cackling like a hen, the way she talked to the waiters and the maid, […]—all these unexpected phenomena impelled one to hysterical mirth, and made one class her with such immortally ludicrous types as Ally Sloper, the Widow Twankey, or Miss Moucher.
- (intransitive) To be grouped or classed.
- 1790, Edward Tatham, The Chart and Scale of Truth:
- the genus or family under which it classes
- (transitive) To divide into classes, as students; to form into, or place in, a class or classes.
Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]to assign to a class
|
Adjective
[edit]class (not comparable)
- (Ireland, Geordie, slang) great; fabulous
- 2009, Erik Qualman, Socialnomics:
- To talented authors Tim Ash and Brian Reich for introducing me to John Wiley & Sons—a truly class outfit.
Related terms
[edit]related terms
References
[edit]- “class”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “class”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
- "class" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 60.
- “class”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- class in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
Further reading
[edit]Von Neumann–Bernays–Gödel set theory on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Old Irish
[edit]Verb
[edit]·class
Mutation
[edit]Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
·class | ·chlass | ·class pronounced with /-ɡ(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Categories:
- English terms borrowed from Middle French
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- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English doublets
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- Rhymes:English/ɑːs
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