hesternus

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *hesternos, from earlier *xesternos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰyésteros (*xesternos is the reflex generated from the apheresis of dʰ- in the initial consonant cluster *dʰǵʰ-, otherwise it is *θesternos but the regular development is x > h). Equivalent to herī +‎ -ter +‎ -nus. Cognate with English yester- (cf. yesterday), German gestern (cf. Gestern) and Dutch gisteren.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /hesˈter.nus/, [hɛs̠ˈt̪ɛrnʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /esˈter.nus/, [esˈt̪ɛrnus]

Adjective

hesternus (feminine hesterna, neuter hesternum); first/second-declension adjective

1. yesterday's

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	hesternus	hesterna	hesternum		hesternī	hesternae	hesterna
Genitive	hesternī	hesternae	hesternī		hesternōrum	hesternārum	hesternōrum
Dative	hesternō		hesternō		hesternīs
Accusative	hesternum	hesternam	hesternum		hesternōs	hesternās	hesterna
Ablative	hesternō	hesternā	hesternō		hesternīs
Vocative	hesterne	hesterna	hesternum		hesternī	hesternae	hesterna

Descendants

• Neapolitan: jesterza
• Portuguese: hesterno
• Spanish: hesterno

References

• “hesternus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “hesternus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• hesternus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• hesternus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • yesterday, to-day, tomorrow: dies hesternus, hodiernus, crastinus