invideo
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Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From in- (“after”) + videō (“see, observe; understand”). The meaning developed from “look back at” to “look askance at” to “envy”.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /inˈu̯i.de.oː/, [ɪnˈu̯ɪd̪eoː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /inˈvi.de.o/, [iɱˈviːd̪eo]
Verb
[edit]invideō (present infinitive invidēre, perfect active invīdī, supine invīsum); second conjugation
- (transitive, intransitive) to look askance or maliciously at, cast an evil eye upon
- (figuratively) to be prejudiced against someone or influenced by prejudice
- (by extension) to be unwilling or loath; begrudge; refuse, deny; hinder, prevent
- 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.232–234:
- “Sī nūlla accendit tantārum glōria rērum,
nec super ipse suā mōlītur laude labōrem,
Ascaniōne pater Rōmānās invidet arcēs?”- “If no renown of such storied deeds enkindles [Aeneas], nor — above all — for his own fame is he himself making an effort, will he, the father, begrudge Ascanius the fortresses of Rome?”
(Jupiter criticizes Aeneas for a dereliction of pietas.)
- “If no renown of such storied deeds enkindles [Aeneas], nor — above all — for his own fame is he himself making an effort, will he, the father, begrudge Ascanius the fortresses of Rome?”
- “Sī nūlla accendit tantārum glōria rērum,
- 8 CE, Ovid, Metamorphoses 4.154–157:
- hoc tamen amborum verbis estote rogati,
o multum miseri meus illiusque parentes,
ut, quos certus amor, quos hora novissima iunxit,
conponi tumulo non invideatis eodem- Wretched parents of Pyramus and Thisbe, listen to us,
Listen to both our prayers, do not begrudge us,
Whom death has joined, Iying at last together
In the same tomb.
- Wretched parents of Pyramus and Thisbe, listen to us,
- hoc tamen amborum verbis estote rogati,
- (by extension) to envy; emulate, aspire to rival
- Synonym: aemulor
- 8 CE, Ovid, Metamorphoses 5.657–659:
- barbarus invidit tantique ut muneris auctor
ipse sit, hospitio recipit somnoque gravatum
adgreditur ferro- The barbarian envies him; and that he himself may be deemed the author of so great a benefit,
he receives him with hospitality, and, when overpowered with sleep,
he attacks him with the sword.
- The barbarian envies him; and that he himself may be deemed the author of so great a benefit,
- barbarus invidit tantique ut muneris auctor
- (by extension) to be unwilling or loath; begrudge; refuse, deny; hinder, prevent
Usage notes
[edit]Used in the following constructions: (1) can use the accusative with things or the dative with persons; and (2) can use the dative with the person or thing that causes envy; or the dative and/or ablative.
Conjugation
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Dunkel, George E. (2014) Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (Indogermanische Bibliothek. 2. Reihe: Wörterbücher) (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter GmbH Heidelberg, →ISBN, page 243
Further reading
[edit]- “invideo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press