rum
Translingual
[edit]Symbol
[edit]rum
English
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]In common use since by at least 1654,[1] of uncertain origin. Theories include:
- that it derives from rum (“fine, good”), or from the last syllable of Latin saccharum (given the harsh taste of earlier rum, the first theory is now considered unlikely),[2]
- that it is a shortening of rumbullion[3] or rumbustion,[4] or
- that it is from a Romani word for "strong, potent" which is (perhaps) the source of ramboozle and rumfustian (but these drinks were not originally made with rum)
- that it derives from rummer, from Dutch roemer[5]
Alternative forms
[edit]Noun
[edit]rum (countable and uncountable, plural rums)
- (uncountable) A distilled spirit derived from fermented cane sugar and molasses.
- The Royal Navy used to issue a rum ration to sailors.
- (countable) A serving of rum.
- Jake tossed down three rums.
- (countable) A kind or brand of rum.
- Bundaberg is one of my favourite rums.
- Coordinate term: grog
- (obsolete, slang) A strange person or thing.
- (obsolete, slang) A country parson.
- 1729, Jonathan Swift, The Grand Question Debated of Hamilton's Bawn:
- No company comes / But a rabble of tenants, and rusty dull rums.
Synonyms
[edit]- (spirit): rumbullion (obsolete)
- (odd person): odd duck, strange fish, weirdo; see also Thesaurus:strange person
- (odd thing): abnormality, deviant, outlier; see also Thesaurus:anomaly
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Tok Pisin: ram
- → Asturian: ron
- → Belarusian: ром (rom)
- → Burmese: ရမ် (ram)
- → Catalan: rom
- → Chinese: 萊姆/莱姆 (láimǔ)
- → Dutch: rum
- → French: rhum
- → Gamilaraay: yurraamu
- → German: Rum
- → Irish: rum
- → Hindi: रम (ram)
- → Urdu: رَم (ram)
- → Italian: rhum, rum
- → Japanese: ラム (ramu)
- → Korean: 럼 (reom)
- → Maori: rama
- → Mongolian: ром (rom)
- → Norwegian Bokmål: rom
- → Norwegian Nynorsk: rom
- → Polish: rum
- → Romanian: rom (via French and German)
- → Russian: ром (rom), ромъ (rom) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
- ⇒ Spanish: romo; → ron
- → Telugu: రమ్ము (rammu)
- → Thai: รัม (ram)
- → Ukrainian: ром (rom)
- → Zulu: ulwamu
Translations
[edit]
|
Etymology 2
[edit]From the earlier form rome, slang for "good"; possibly of Romani origin; compare rom.
Adjective
[edit]rum (comparative rummer, superlative rummest)
- (obsolete) Fine, excellent, valuable. [16th c.]
- having a rum time
- (UK, informal, dated) Strange, peculiar. [18th c.]
- a rum idea; a rum fellow
- 1838, Boz [pseudonym; Charles Dickens], Oliver Twist; or, The Parish Boy’s Progress. […], volumes (please specify |volume=I, II, or III), London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC:
- "Lor, Noah!" said Charlotte, "What a rum creature you are! Why don't you let the boy alone?"
- 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 27, in The History of Pendennis. […], volumes (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, →OCLC:
- [H]e stared after Pynsent stupidly, and pronounced to the landlord over the counter that he was a rum one.
- 1878, Henry James, An International Episode[1]:
- The young men had exchanged few observations; but in crossing Union Square, in front of the monument to Washington—in the very shadow, indeed, projected by the image of the pater patriae—one of them remarked to the other, “It seems a rum-looking place.”
“Ah, very odd, very odd,” said the other, who was the clever man of the two.
- 1951, C. S. Lewis, Prince Caspian[2]:
- "Can't you see him?"
"Well, I almost thought I did—for a moment. It's such a rum light."
- 1976, James Herriot, All Things Wise and Wonderful, page 346:
- "She's as 'appy as Larry, but she'll neither move nor eat. It's a rum 'un, isn't it?" It was very rum indeed.
Synonyms
[edit]- (fine, excellent, valuable): exceptional, pukka, top-notch; see also Thesaurus:excellent
- (strange, peculiar): bizarre, queer, rummy; see also Thesaurus:strange
Derived terms
[edit]Noun
[edit]rum (plural rums)
- (British, colloquial, dated) Any odd person or thing.
Etymology 3
[edit]Shortening of rummy.
Noun
[edit]rum
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ In that year, Connecticut ordered confiscation of "whatsoever Barbados liquors, commonly called rum, kill devil and the like". See Charles A. Coulombe, Rum (2005, →ISBN.
- ^ Wayne Curtis, And a Bottle of Rum (2006, Random House, →ISBN, pages 34–35.
- ^ “rum”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
- ^ “rum”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
- ^ Anthony Dias Blue, The Complete Book of Spirits : A Guide to Their History, Production, and Enjoyment (2004, HarperCollins, →ISBN
See also
[edit]- rum-tum (probably etymologically unrelated)
Further reading
[edit]rum on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- “rum”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- James A. H. Murray [et al.], editors (1884–1928), “Rum, sb.¹”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volumes VIII, Part 1 (Q–R), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 886.
- James A. H. Murray [et al.], editors (1884–1928), “† Rum, sb.²”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volumes VIII, Part 1 (Q–R), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 886, column 3.
- James A. H. Murray [et al.], editors (1884–1928), “† Rum, sb.³”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volumes VIII, Part 1 (Q–R), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 886, column 3.
- James A. H. Murray [et al.], editors (1884–1928), “Rum, a.¹”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volumes VIII, Part 1 (Q–R), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 886, column 3.
- James A. H. Murray [et al.], editors (1884–1928), “Rum, a.²”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volumes VIII, Part 1 (Q–R), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 886–887.
- James A. H. Murray [et al.], editors (1884–1928), “† Rum, v.”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volumes VIII, Part 1 (Q–R), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 887, column 1.
Anagrams
[edit]Chuukese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]rum
Czech
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Borrowed from German Rum, from English rum, originally rumbullion.[1]
Noun
[edit]rum m inan
Declension
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Probably from German Rummel (“bustle”).[2]
Noun
[edit]rum m inan
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “rum”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935-1957
- “rum”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
- “rum”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
Danish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Norse rúm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą (“room, open space”), cognate with English room, German Raum, Dutch ruim, Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌼 (rum).
Noun
[edit]rum n (singular definite rummet, plural indefinite rum)
- room (part of a building)
- compartment
- (chiefly definite) space (the universe except Earth and its atmosphere)
- De fravalgte at udforske rummet.
- They chose not to explore space.
- rumfarttøj (“space vehicle”), rumrejse (“space travel”)
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- aftrædelsesrum
- aktivitetsrum
- arbejdsrum
- backstagerum
- baderum
- bagrum
- beboelsesrum
- bederum
- beskyttelsesrum
- bollerum
- børnerum
- computerrum
- depotrum
- ekkorum
- fitnessrum
- fixerum
- forrum
- fryserum
- fyrrum
- fællesrum
- førerrum
- gennemgangsrum
- grupperum
- gæsterum
- gårdrum
- handlerum
- hobbyrum
- hvilerum
- kedelrum
- kirkerum
- klipperum
- kommandorum
- konferencerum
- kontrolrum
- kælderrum
- kølerum
- lagerrum
- legerum
- loftrum
- loftsrum
- mandskabsrum
- maskinrum
- motionsrum
- musikrum
- møderum
- omklædningsrum
- operationsrum
- operatørrum
- opholdsrum
- panikrum
- personalerum
- portrum
- prøverum
- puderum
- pulterrum
- puslerum
- redigeringsrum
- redskabsrum
- refleksionsrum
- rygerrum
- rygerum
- scenerum
- siderum
- sikringsrum
- situationsrum
- skralderum
- sminkerum
- soverum
- stillerum
- stofindtagelsesrum
- sundhedsrum
- teaterrum
- tilflugtsrum
- toiletrum
- trapperum
- tørrerum
- uderum
- udstillingsrum
- vagtrum
- vaskerum
- venterum
- viktualierum
Etymology 2
[edit]From Old Norse rúmr, from Proto-Germanic *rūmaz (“roomy, spacious, open”), cognate with English room (archaic), German raum (archaic), Dutch ruim, Chong 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍃. Related to the noun.
Adjective
[edit]rum (neuter rumt, plural and definite singular attributive rumme)
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of rum | |||
---|---|---|---|
Positive | Comparative | Superlative | |
Indefinte common singular | rum | rummere | rummest2 |
Indefinite neuter singular | rumt | rummere | rummest2 |
Plural | rumme | rummere | rummest2 |
Definite attributive1 | rumme | rummere | rummeste |
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. 2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively. |
Etymology 3
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
[edit]rum
- imperative of rumme
Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]rum m (uncountable)
- rum (alcoholic beverage)
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]rum (drank) on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia nl
Fiji Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]rum
References
[edit]German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From dialectal German (e)rum, reduced form of herum and in some dialects darum.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]rum
- (colloquial) Alternative form of herum (“around”)
Usage notes
[edit]- While most or all instances of standard herum can be replaced with rum in the vernacular, compounds that are inherently colloquial will typically sound odd when herum is used in them. These will appear in writing with rum or not at all.
Derived terms
[edit]Gothic
[edit]Romanization
[edit]rum
- Romanization of 𐍂𐌿𐌼
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from German Rum,[1] from English rum.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]rum (plural rumok)
- rum (a distilled spirit)
Declension
[edit]Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | rum | rumok |
accusative | rumot | rumokat |
dative | rumnak | rumoknak |
instrumental | rummal | rumokkal |
causal-final | rumért | rumokért |
translative | rummá | rumokká |
terminative | rumig | rumokig |
essive-formal | rumként | rumokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | rumban | rumokban |
superessive | rumon | rumokon |
adessive | rumnál | rumoknál |
illative | rumba | rumokba |
sublative | rumra | rumokra |
allative | rumhoz | rumokhoz |
elative | rumból | rumokból |
delative | rumról | rumokról |
ablative | rumtól | rumoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
rumé | rumoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
ruméi | rumokéi |
Possessive forms of rum | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | rumom | rumjaim |
2nd person sing. | rumod | rumjaid |
3rd person sing. | rumja | rumjai |
1st person plural | rumunk | rumjaink |
2nd person plural | rumotok | rumjaitok |
3rd person plural | rumjuk | rumjaik |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ rum in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
[edit]- rum in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Irish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]rum m (genitive singular rum, nominative plural rumanna)
Declension
[edit]
Bare forms
|
Forms with the definite article
|
Further reading
[edit]- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “rum”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Italian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Unadapted borrowing from English rum.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]rum m (invariable)
- rum (distilled spirit)
Derived terms
[edit]Kashubian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from German Low German Ruum.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]rum m inan
Further reading
[edit]- “rum”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
Lower Sorbian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from German Low German Ruum, from Middle Low German rûm, Old Saxon rūm, from Proto-West Germanic *rūm.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]rum m inan (diminutive rumk)
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Old English
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *rūm. Cognate with Old Saxon rūm, Dutch ruim, Old High German rūm, Old Norse rúmr, Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍃 (rums).
Adjective
[edit]rūm
- spacious, roomy
- long, extended (of time)
- liberal, extensive, ample, abundant, bountiful, expansive, generous
Declension
[edit]Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | rūm | rūm | rūm |
Accusative | rūmne | rūme | rūm |
Genitive | rūmes | rūmre | rūmes |
Dative | rūmum | rūmre | rūmum |
Instrumental | rūme | rūmre | rūme |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | rūme | rūma, rūme | rūm |
Accusative | rūme | rūma, rūme | rūm |
Genitive | rūmra | rūmra | rūmra |
Dative | rūmum | rūmum | rūmum |
Instrumental | rūmum | rūmum | rūmum |
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *rūm.
Noun
[edit]rūm n or m
- room, space
- a space of time, an interval
- opportunity
Declension
[edit]- Neuter
- Masculine
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Pennsylvania German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Adverb
[edit]rum
Polish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Noun
[edit]rum m inan
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from Middle High German rūm, roum, from Old High German rūm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą.
Noun
[edit]rum m inan
Declension
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- rum in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- rum in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]
- Rhymes: -ũ
- Hyphenation: rum
Noun
[edit]rum m (plural runs)
Romanian
[edit]Noun
[edit]rum n (plural rumuri)
- Alternative form of rom
Sumerian
[edit]Romanization
[edit]rum
- Romanization of 𒀸 (rum)
Swedish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Norse rúm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą, from Proto-Indo-European *rowǝ-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]rum n
- a room (in a building)
- Jag vill ha en lägenhet med två rum
- I want a flat with two rooms
- space, room
- Har du rum i din väska så att du kan lägga ner min bok också?
- Do you have room in your bag so that you could put my book in it too?
- det kröka rummet
- curved space
- (mathematics) a space
- linjärt rum
- linear space
Declension
[edit]Declension of rum | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | rum | rummet | rum | rummen |
Genitive | rums | rummets | rums | rummens |
Derived terms
[edit]- arbetsrum
- badrum
- bergrum
- dagrum
- dubbelrum
- duschrum
- enkelrum
- fikarum
- finrum
- förhörsrum
- förrum
- förrådsrum
- förvaringsrum
- hotellrum
- hörnrum
- kapprum
- klassrum
- klubbrum
- krigsrum
- kylrum
- lekrum
- matrum
- miljörum
- omklädningsrum
- panikrum
- pannrum
- provrum
- rumsnyckel
- rumsren
- sammanträdesrum
- skyddsrum
- skötrum
- soprum
- sovrum
- spelrum
- stora rummet
- säkerhetsrum
- tjänsterum
- torkrum
- tv-rum
- vardagsrum
- vindsrum
- väntrum
Related terms
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]- rum in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- rum in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- rum in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams
[edit]Tarifit
[edit]Noun
[edit]rum pl (Tifinagh spelling ⵔⵓⵎ)
Tok Pisin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]rum
Vietnamese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]rum
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- ISO 639-2
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ʌm
- Rhymes:English/ʌm/1 syllable
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms derived from Romani
- English terms derived from Dutch
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with obsolete senses
- English slang
- English terms with quotations
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- British English
- English informal terms
- English dated terms
- English terms with collocations
- English colloquialisms
- English nouns with unknown or uncertain plurals
- English terms with rare senses
- en:Distilled beverages
- Chuukese terms borrowed from English
- Chuukese terms derived from English
- Chuukese lemmas
- Chuukese nouns
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech terms borrowed from German
- Czech terms derived from German
- Czech terms derived from English
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech masculine nouns
- Czech inanimate nouns
- Czech masculine inanimate nouns
- Czech hard masculine inanimate nouns
- cs:Alcoholic beverages
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Danish/ɔm
- Rhymes:Danish/ɔm/1 syllable
- Danish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Danish terms derived from Old Norse
- Danish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Danish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Danish lemmas
- Danish nouns
- Danish neuter nouns
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- Danish adjectives
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- Dutch terms borrowed from English
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- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Rhymes:Dutch/ʏm
- Rhymes:Dutch/ʏm/1 syllable
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch uncountable nouns
- Dutch masculine nouns
- nl:Distilled beverages
- Fiji Hindi terms borrowed from English
- Fiji Hindi terms derived from English
- Fiji Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Fiji Hindi lemmas
- Fiji Hindi nouns
- German 1-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
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- German lemmas
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- Gothic non-lemma forms
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- Hungarian terms borrowed from German
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- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/um
- Rhymes:Hungarian/um/1 syllable
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian nouns
- Hungarian three-letter words
- hu:Alcoholic beverages
- Irish terms borrowed from English
- Irish terms derived from English
- Irish lemmas
- Irish nouns
- Irish masculine nouns
- Irish fourth-declension nouns
- ga:Distilled beverages
- Italian terms borrowed from English
- Italian unadapted borrowings from English
- Italian terms derived from English
- Italian 1-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/um
- Rhymes:Italian/um/1 syllable
- Italian lemmas
- Italian nouns
- Italian indeclinable nouns
- Italian countable nouns
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- it:Alcoholic beverages
- Kashubian terms derived from German Low German
- Kashubian terms borrowed from German Low German
- Kashubian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Kashubian/um
- Rhymes:Kashubian/um/1 syllable
- Kashubian lemmas
- Kashubian nouns
- Kashubian masculine nouns
- Kashubian inanimate nouns
- Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Lower Sorbian terms borrowed from German Low German
- Lower Sorbian terms derived from German Low German
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- Lower Sorbian terms derived from Old Saxon
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- Lower Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Old English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old English lemmas
- Old English adjectives
- Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old English nouns
- Old English neuter nouns
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- Old English nouns with multiple genders
- Old English neuter a-stem nouns
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- Pennsylvania German lemmas
- Pennsylvania German adverbs
- Polish 1-syllable words
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- Rhymes:Polish/um
- Rhymes:Polish/um/1 syllable
- Polish terms borrowed from English
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- Polish lemmas
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- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish inanimate nouns
- Polish terms borrowed from Middle High German
- Polish terms derived from Middle High German
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- pl:Geology
- pl:Distilled beverages
- pl:Landforms
- pl:Rocks
- Portuguese 1-syllable words
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- Rhymes:Portuguese/ũ
- Rhymes:Portuguese/ũ/1 syllable
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
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- pt:Alcoholic beverages
- Romanian lemmas
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- Sumerian non-lemma forms
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- Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse
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- sv:Mathematics
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- rif:Agriculture
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- tpi:Rooms
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