-end

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See also: end, END, End, end-, and энд

English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Latin -endus, a gerundive ending, related to -andus.

Suffix

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-end

  1. Forming nouns denoting patients or recipients of actions.
    addend, subtrahend, dividend

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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Derived terms

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Anagrams

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German

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Etymology

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From Middle High German -ende, from Old High German -enti, -anti, from Proto-West Germanic *-andī, from Proto-Germanic *-andz (present participle ending). Cognate with Dutch -end, Old English -ende. See English -and, -ing for more.

The gerundive use of the present participle goes back to the dative form of the Middle High German infinitive, which was sometimes enhanced with -d- through interaction with the present participle: ze lesene → ze lesende (to read). Placed before the noun, this construction was then reinterpreted as actually involving a participle, which lead to grammatical agreement: das zu lesende Buch, and thus by analogy ein zu lesendes Buch (a book to [be] read). Compare the etymologically correct construction in Dutch het/een te lezen boek.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ənt/
  • Audio:(file)

Suffix

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-end

  1. A suffix forming the present participle of German verbs, analogous to English -ing.
    Weinend rief sie bei mir an.Crying, she called me [on the telephone].
    Die tanzenden Mädchen sind hübsch.The dancing girls are pretty.
    Er inseriert die zu vermietende Wohnung. (Gerundive use, cf. etymology above)He places an advert for the flat to be let out.

Hungarian

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Etymology

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From -amod / -emed.[1][2]

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-end

  1. (instantaneous suffix, rare) Added to a stem to form a verb with an instantaneous meaning.
    ör(öm) (joy), ör(ül) (to be glad)örvend (to rejoice at something)
  2. (personal suffix, archaic) Added to a verb to form the future tense.
    Synonyms: majd, fog + infinitive
    te(nni) (to do or put)teend (s/he will do or put [something])
    le(nni) (to be)leend (s/he will be)

Usage notes

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  • (both senses) Variants:
    -and is added to back-vowel verbs
    -end is added to front-vowel verbs

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ -end in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)
  2. ^ Kiss, Jenő and Ferenc Pusztai (eds.). A magyar nyelvtörténet kézikönyve (’A Handbook of Hungarian Linguistic History’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2018, page 145, section 3.2., →ISBN

Ojibwe

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Final

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-end

  1. act by thought on
  2. perceive by thought
  3. feel in the mind

Derived terms

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References

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Old English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *-andi, from Proto-Germanic *-andz, taken from the present participle form of verbs. See -ende.

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-end

  1. suffix denoting the agent of an action; -er
    āgan (to own) + ‎-end → ‎āgend (owner)
    hǣlan (to save) + ‎-end → ‎hǣlend (savior)
    lufian (to love) + ‎-end → ‎lufiend (lover)
    sċildan (to protect) + ‎-end → ‎sċildend (protector)
    timbran (to build) + ‎-end → ‎timbrend (builder)

Declension

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Synonyms

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Derived terms

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