عبر
Arabic
[edit]Root |
---|
ع ب ر (ʕ b r) |
13 terms |
Etymology 1
[edit]From the root ع ب ر (ʕ-b-r). Compare Hebrew עָבַר (ʿāḇar, “to cross”), Old South Arabian 𐩲𐩨𐩧 (ʿbr, “to transgress”), Akkadian 𒁄 (ebēru, “to cross”).
Verb
[edit]عَبَرَ • (ʕabara) I, non-past يَعْبُرُ (yaʕburu)
Conjugation
[edit]verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
عَبْر or عُبُور ʕabr or ʕubūr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ʕābir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maʕbūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʕabartu |
ʕabarta |
عَبَرَ ʕabara |
ʕabartumā |
ʕabarā |
ʕabarnā |
ʕabartum |
ʕabarū | |||
f | ʕabarti |
ʕabarat |
ʕabaratā |
ʕabartunna |
ʕabarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaʕburu |
taʕburu |
yaʕburu |
taʕburāni |
yaʕburāni |
naʕburu |
taʕburūna |
yaʕburūna | |||
f | taʕburīna |
taʕburu |
taʕburāni |
taʕburna |
yaʕburna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaʕbura |
taʕbura |
yaʕbura |
taʕburā |
yaʕburā |
naʕbura |
taʕburū |
yaʕburū | |||
f | taʕburī |
taʕbura |
taʕburā |
taʕburna |
yaʕburna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaʕbur |
taʕbur |
yaʕbur |
taʕburā |
yaʕburā |
naʕbur |
taʕburū |
yaʕburū | |||
f | taʕburī |
taʕbur |
taʕburā |
taʕburna |
yaʕburna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | uʕbur |
uʕburā |
uʕburū |
||||||||
f | uʕburī |
uʕburna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʕubirtu |
ʕubirta |
عُبِرَ ʕubira |
ʕubirtumā |
ʕubirā |
ʕubirnā |
ʕubirtum |
ʕubirū | |||
f | ʕubirti |
ʕubirat |
ʕubiratā |
ʕubirtunna |
ʕubirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuʕbaru |
tuʕbaru |
yuʕbaru |
tuʕbarāni |
yuʕbarāni |
nuʕbaru |
tuʕbarūna |
yuʕbarūna | |||
f | tuʕbarīna |
tuʕbaru |
tuʕbarāni |
tuʕbarna |
yuʕbarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuʕbara |
tuʕbara |
yuʕbara |
tuʕbarā |
yuʕbarā |
nuʕbara |
tuʕbarū |
yuʕbarū | |||
f | tuʕbarī |
tuʕbara |
tuʕbarā |
tuʕbarna |
yuʕbarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuʕbar |
tuʕbar |
yuʕbar |
tuʕbarā |
yuʕbarā |
nuʕbar |
tuʕbarū |
yuʕbarū | |||
f | tuʕbarī |
tuʕbar |
tuʕbarā |
tuʕbarna |
yuʕbarna |
Verb
[edit]عَبَرَ • (ʕabara) I, non-past يَعْبُرُ (yaʕburu)
- (transitive) to interpret
Conjugation
[edit]verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
عَبْر or عِبَارَة ʕabr or ʕibāra | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ʕābir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maʕbūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʕabartu |
ʕabarta |
عَبَرَ ʕabara |
ʕabartumā |
ʕabarā |
ʕabarnā |
ʕabartum |
ʕabarū | |||
f | ʕabarti |
ʕabarat |
ʕabaratā |
ʕabartunna |
ʕabarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaʕburu |
taʕburu |
yaʕburu |
taʕburāni |
yaʕburāni |
naʕburu |
taʕburūna |
yaʕburūna | |||
f | taʕburīna |
taʕburu |
taʕburāni |
taʕburna |
yaʕburna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaʕbura |
taʕbura |
yaʕbura |
taʕburā |
yaʕburā |
naʕbura |
taʕburū |
yaʕburū | |||
f | taʕburī |
taʕbura |
taʕburā |
taʕburna |
yaʕburna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaʕbur |
taʕbur |
yaʕbur |
taʕburā |
yaʕburā |
naʕbur |
taʕburū |
yaʕburū | |||
f | taʕburī |
taʕbur |
taʕburā |
taʕburna |
yaʕburna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | uʕbur |
uʕburā |
uʕburū |
||||||||
f | uʕburī |
uʕburna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʕubirtu |
ʕubirta |
عُبِرَ ʕubira |
ʕubirtumā |
ʕubirā |
ʕubirnā |
ʕubirtum |
ʕubirū | |||
f | ʕubirti |
ʕubirat |
ʕubiratā |
ʕubirtunna |
ʕubirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuʕbaru |
tuʕbaru |
yuʕbaru |
tuʕbarāni |
yuʕbarāni |
nuʕbaru |
tuʕbarūna |
yuʕbarūna | |||
f | tuʕbarīna |
tuʕbaru |
tuʕbarāni |
tuʕbarna |
yuʕbarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuʕbara |
tuʕbara |
yuʕbara |
tuʕbarā |
yuʕbarā |
nuʕbara |
tuʕbarū |
yuʕbarū | |||
f | tuʕbarī |
tuʕbara |
tuʕbarā |
tuʕbarna |
yuʕbarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuʕbar |
tuʕbar |
yuʕbar |
tuʕbarā |
yuʕbarā |
nuʕbar |
tuʕbarū |
yuʕbarū | |||
f | tuʕbarī |
tuʕbar |
tuʕbarā |
tuʕbarna |
yuʕbarna |
Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]عَبْر • (ʕabr) m
- verbal noun of عَبَرَ (ʕabara) (form I)
Declension
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Adverbial accusative of عَبْر (ʕabr, “crossing”). Compare Old South Arabian 𐩲𐩨𐩧 (ʿbr, “towards”).
Preposition
[edit]عَبْرَ • (ʕabra)
Inflection
[edit]Inflected forms | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Base form | عَبْرَ (ʕabra) | ||||
Personal-pronoun- including forms |
Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
Masculine | Feminine | Common | Masculine | Feminine | |
First person | عَبْرِي (ʕabrī) | عَبْرَنَا (ʕabranā) | |||
Second person | عَبْرَكَ (ʕabraka) | عَبْرَكِ (ʕabraki) | عَبْرَكُمَا (ʕabrakumā) | عَبْرَكُمْ (ʕabrakum) | عَبْرَكُنَّ (ʕabrakunna) |
Third person | عَبْرَهُ (ʕabrahu) | عَبْرَهَا (ʕabrahā) | عَبْرَهُمَا (ʕabrahumā) | عَبْرَهُمْ (ʕabrahum) | عَبْرَهُنَّ (ʕabrahunna) |
Etymology 4
[edit]From the root ع ب ر (ʕ-b-r) and in the meanings of explaining, interpreting, expressing a semantic loan from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (wtltn' /widārdan/, “to cause to pass”) = Classical Persian گذاردن (guḏārdan, “to cause to pass; to clean, to purge; to put, to place”), [Book Pahlavi needed] (wcʾltn' /wizārdan/, “to separate; to explain, to interpret, to express”) = گزاردن (gozârdan, “to cause to pass; to draw the outline of a picture; to express”).
Verb
[edit]عَبَّرَ • (ʕabbara) II, non-past يُعَبِّرُ (yuʕabbiru)
- (ditransitive) to get across
- (transitive) to interpret
Conjugation
[edit]verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
taʕbīr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muʕabbir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muʕabbar | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʕabbartu |
ʕabbarta |
عَبَّرَ ʕabbara |
ʕabbartumā |
ʕabbarā |
ʕabbarnā |
ʕabbartum |
ʕabbarū | |||
f | ʕabbarti |
ʕabbarat |
ʕabbaratā |
ʕabbartunna |
ʕabbarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuʕabbiru |
tuʕabbiru |
yuʕabbiru |
tuʕabbirāni |
yuʕabbirāni |
nuʕabbiru |
tuʕabbirūna |
yuʕabbirūna | |||
f | tuʕabbirīna |
tuʕabbiru |
tuʕabbirāni |
tuʕabbirna |
yuʕabbirna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuʕabbira |
tuʕabbira |
yuʕabbira |
tuʕabbirā |
yuʕabbirā |
nuʕabbira |
tuʕabbirū |
yuʕabbirū | |||
f | tuʕabbirī |
tuʕabbira |
tuʕabbirā |
tuʕabbirna |
yuʕabbirna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuʕabbir |
tuʕabbir |
yuʕabbir |
tuʕabbirā |
yuʕabbirā |
nuʕabbir |
tuʕabbirū |
yuʕabbirū | |||
f | tuʕabbirī |
tuʕabbir |
tuʕabbirā |
tuʕabbirna |
yuʕabbirna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | عَبِّرْ ʕabbir |
ʕabbirā |
ʕabbirū |
||||||||
f | ʕabbirī |
ʕabbirna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʕubbirtu |
ʕubbirta |
عُبِّرَ ʕubbira |
ʕubbirtumā |
ʕubbirā |
ʕubbirnā |
ʕubbirtum |
ʕubbirū | |||
f | ʕubbirti |
ʕubbirat |
ʕubbiratā |
ʕubbirtunna |
ʕubbirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuʕabbaru |
tuʕabbaru |
yuʕabbaru |
tuʕabbarāni |
yuʕabbarāni |
nuʕabbaru |
tuʕabbarūna |
yuʕabbarūna | |||
f | tuʕabbarīna |
tuʕabbaru |
tuʕabbarāni |
tuʕabbarna |
yuʕabbarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuʕabbara |
tuʕabbara |
yuʕabbara |
tuʕabbarā |
yuʕabbarā |
nuʕabbara |
tuʕabbarū |
yuʕabbarū | |||
f | tuʕabbarī |
tuʕabbara |
tuʕabbarā |
tuʕabbarna |
yuʕabbarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuʕabbar |
tuʕabbar |
yuʕabbar |
tuʕabbarā |
yuʕabbarā |
nuʕabbar |
tuʕabbarū |
yuʕabbarū | |||
f | tuʕabbarī |
tuʕabbar |
tuʕabbarā |
tuʕabbarna |
yuʕabbarna |
References
[edit]- “ebēru”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)[1], volume 4, E, Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1958, page 10
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1898) “Zum sporadischen Lautwandel in den semitischen Sprachen”, in Beiträge zur Assyriologie und semitischen Sprachwissenschaft[2] (in German), volume 3, pages 69–70
South Levantine Arabic
[edit]Root |
---|
ع ب ر |
4 terms |
Etymology
[edit]From Arabic عَبَّرَ (ʕabbara).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]عبّر • (ʕabbar) II (present بعبّر (biʕabber))
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of عبّر (ʕabbar) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | عبّرت (ʕabbart) | عبّرت (ʕabbart) | عبّر (ʕabbar) | عبّرنا (ʕabbarna) | عبّرتو (ʕabbartu) | عبّرو (ʕabbaru) | |
f | عبّرتي (ʕabbarti) | عبّرت (ʕabbarat) | ||||||
present | m | بعبّر (baʕabber) | بتعبّر (bitʕabber) | بعبّر (biʕabber) | منعبّر (minʕabber) | بتعبّرو (bitʕabbru) | بعبّرو (biʕabbru) | |
f | بتعبّري (bitʕabbri) | بتعبّر (bitʕabber) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | اعبّر (aʕabber) | تعبّر (tʕabber) | يعبّر (yʕabber) | نعبّر (nʕabber) | تعبّرو (tʕabbru) | يعبّرو (yʕabbru) | |
f | تعبّري (tʕabbri) | تعبّر (tʕabber) | ||||||
imperative | m | عبّر (ʕabber) | عبّرو (ʕabbru) | |||||
f | عبّري (ʕabbri) |
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