致

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See also: 緻
致 U+81F4, 致
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-81F4
← 至
[U+81F3] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 臵 →
[U+81F5]

Translingual

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Han character

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致 (Kangxi radical 133, 至+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 一土人大 (MGOK), four-corner 18140, composition ⿰至攵 or ⿰至夂(T))

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1001, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30149
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1458, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2815, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+81F4

Chinese

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trad. 致
simp. # 致
alternative forms 𦤺
𦤶
𦤹
𦥀

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 致
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (至) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
致 *tiɡs
輊 *tiɡs
駤 *tiɡs
跮 *tʰiɡs, *tʰiɡ
荎 *di, *diːɡ
緻 *diɡs
至 *tjiɡs
鵄 *tʰji
胵 *tʰji
痓 *tʰjiɡs
咥 *hriɡs, *tiːɡ, *diːɡ, *tʰiɡ
窒 *tiːɡ, *tiɡ
蛭 *tiːɡ, *tiɡ, *tjiɡ
垤 *diːɡ
耋 *diːɡ
姪 *diːɡ, *diɡ
絰 *diːɡ
恎 *diːɡ
挃 *tiɡ
庢 *tiɡ
銍 *tiɡ, *tjiɡ
秷 *tiɡ
螲 *tiɡ
侄 *diɡ, *tjiɡ
桎 *tjiɡ
郅 *tjiɡ
晊 *tjiɡ
室 *hliɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tiɡs) : phonetic 至 (OC *tjiɡs) + semantic 攵.

Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 致
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 知 (9)
Final (韻) 脂 (17)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 陟利切
Baxter trijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʈˠiɪH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʈᵚiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȶiɪH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʈjiH/
Li
Rong 		/ȶjiH/
Wang
Li 		/ȶiH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ȶiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zi3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 致
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ trijH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*t<r>i[t]-s/
English (cause to arrive): transmit

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 致
Reading # 1/1
No. 17336
Phonetic
component 		至
Rime
group 		至
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		致
Old
Chinese 		/*tiɡs/

Definitions

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致

  1. to send; to deliver; to present
  2. to express; to convey
  3. to cause; to result in
    致癌  ―  zhì'ái  ―  to cause cancer
  4. to exhaust; to use up (one's energy, etc.)
  5. interest; temperament; inclination
  6. a surname: Zhi
Synonyms
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edit
  • (to express):
edit

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of 致 – see 緻 (“delicate; fine”).
(This character is the simplified and variant traditional form of 緻).
Notes:

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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致

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. to do

Readings

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  • Go-on: ち (chi, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: ち (chi, Jōyō)
  • Kun: いたす (itasu, 致す, Jōyō)
  • Nanori: とも (tomo)、むね (mune)、ゆき (yuki)

Korean

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Hanja

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致 (eumhun 이를 치 (ireul chi))

  1. hanja form? of 치 (“to reach; to result in”)

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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致: Hán Nôm readings: trí

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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