Iranian diaspora
This article may be confusing or unclear to readers. (July 2021) |
Map of the Iranian diaspora as of 2021 | |
Total population | |
---|---|
4,037,258 (2021)[1][2] | |
Americas | 1,905,813 (47.20%) |
Europe | 1,184,552 (29.34%) |
Other (Asia and Oceania) | 1,115,572 (23.46%) |
Languages | |
Languages of Iran | |
Religion | |
|
The Iranian diaspora, also known as Iranian expats, are Iranian citizens or people of Iranian descent living outside Iran.[3]
In 2021, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Iran published statistics, which showed that 4,037,258 Iranians are living abroad, an increase from previous years.[1][2] Many of them live in North America, Europe, the Arab states of the Persian Gulf, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Australia and the broader Middle East.[4][5] Many of them migrated to other countries after the Iranian Revolution in 1979.[6][7]
Iran has experienced waves of emigration since the Iranian Revolution in 1979. The creation of a ministry of immigration has been proposed after reports indicated critical statistics, largely due to political instability.[8][9][10]
Statistics by country
[edit]Country | Iranian diaspora in 2021 | Article |
---|---|---|
Iranian American | ||
Iranian Canadian | ||
Iranians in Germany | ||
Iranians in the United Arab Emirates | ||
250,000 | Iranian Jews in Israel | |
Swedish Iranians | ||
Immigration to Turkey | ||
Iranian Australians | ||
Iranians in Iraq | ||
Iranians in France | ||
Iranians in the United Kingdom | ||
Iranians in the Netherlands | ||
Iranians in Austria | ||
'Ajam of Kuwait | ||
Iranians in Denmark | ||
Iranians in Malaysia | ||
Norwegian Iranians | ||
Demographics of Switzerland | ||
Iranians in Belgium | ||
Iranians in Qatar | ||
Iranians in Georgia | ||
Iranians in Italy | ||
Demographics of India | ||
Iranian New Zealander | ||
Iranians in Spain | ||
Iranians in Finland | ||
Iranians in Azerbaijan | ||
Iranians in Armenia | ||
Iranians in Syria | ||
Omani Iranians | ||
Iranians in Tajikistan | ||
Iranians in China | ||
Iranians in Lebanon | ||
Iranians in Thailand | ||
Iranians in Cyprus | ||
Iranians in South Africa | ||
Iranians in Japan | ||
Iranians in Ukraine | ||
Iranians in Hungary | ||
Iranian Pakistanis | ||
Iranian Afghans | ||
Iranians in Romania | ||
Iranians in Kazakhstan | ||
Demographics of Greece | ||
Iranians in Russia | ||
Iranian Brazilians | ||
Iranian Argentines | ||
Iranians in Poland | ||
Iranians in Portugal | ||
Iranians in South Korea | ||
Iranians in the Philippines | ||
Iranians in Slovakia | ||
Iranians in Tajikistan | ||
Iranian Tanzanians | ||
Iranians in Ireland | ||
Iranians in the Czech Republic | ||
Iranian Mexicans | ||
Iranians in Bulgaria | ||
Iranians in Egypt | ||
Iranians in Kyrgyzstan | ||
Iranians in Estonia | ||
Iranians in Hong Kong | ||
Iranians in Venezuela | ||
Iranians in Indonesia | ||
Iranian Colombians | ||
Iranian Chileans | ||
Iranians in Belarus | ||
Iranians in Sudan | ||
Iranians in Singapore | ||
Iranians in Serbia | ||
Iranian Bolivians | ||
Iranians in Slovenia | ||
Iranians in Bosnia and Herzegovina | ||
Iranians in Jordan | ||
Iranians in Kenya | ||
Ghanaian Iranians | ||
Iranian Uruguayans | ||
Iranian Ivorians | ||
Iranians in Croatia | ||
Iranians in Turkmenistan | ||
Iranians in Uganda | ||
Iranians in Tunisia | ||
Iranians in Senegal | ||
Iranians in Bangladesh | ||
Iranians in Mauritius | ||
Iranians in Vietnam | ||
Iranian Nicaraguans | ||
Iranians in the Democratic Republic of the Congo | ||
Iranians in Brunei | ||
Iranians in Algeria | ||
Iranians in Gambia | ||
Iranians in Niger | ||
Iranian Nigerians | ||
Iranians in Ethiopia | ||
Iranians in Madagascar | ||
Iranians in Albania | ||
Iranians in North Macedonia | ||
Iranian Cameroonians | ||
Iranians in Guinea | ||
Iranian Namibians | ||
Iranians in Burkina Faso | ||
Iranian Cubans | ||
Mali Iranians | ||
Iranians in North Korea | ||
Iranians in Saudi Arabia | ||
Iranians in Sri Lanka | ||
West Asia and Other | Anglosphere | |
North, Central and South America | Americas | |
Europe | Europe | |
Total: | List of sovereign states and |
Socioeconomic status
[edit]Nearly 60 percent of Iranians abroad have earned at least an undergraduate degree, and have one of the highest rates of self-employment among immigrant groups. Many have founded their own companies, including Isaac Larian, the founder of MGA Entertainment, and Pierre Omidyar, who founded eBay in 1995 in San Jose, California. Iranian households in the United States earn on average $87,288 annually in 2018, and are ranked ninth by income.[20]
Students abroad
[edit]According to the Iranian government, 55,686 Iranian students were studying abroad in 2013:[21] 8,883 studied in Malaysia, 7,341 in the United States, 5,638 in Canada, 3,504 in Germany, 3,364 in Turkey, 3,228 in Britain, and the rest in other countries.[22][23] The Iranian Ministry of Education estimated that between 350,000 and 500,000 Iranians were studying outside Iran as of 2014.[24]
Politics
[edit]Armenia Hrant Markarian, Chairman of Armenian Revolutionary Federation
Australia Sam Dastyari, Senator
United Kingdom Seema Kennedy, Member of the House of Commons
United Kingdom Haleh Afshar, Member of the House of Lords
United Kingdom David Alliance, Member of the House of Lords
Canada
Quebec Amir Khadir, Member of the National Assembly of Quebec
Canada
Ontario Reza Moridi, Member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario
Canada Majid Jowhari, Member of the Parliament of Canada
Canada Ali Ehsassi, Member of the Parliament of Canada
France Pouria Amirshahi, Former Member of the French National Assembly
France Mahmoud Khayami, founder of Iran Khodro
France Pierre Omidyar, investigative journalist for Honolulu Civil Beat and First Look Media, also founder of eBay
France Patrick Ali Pahlavi, member of the Pahlavi dynasty
Germany Yasmin Fahimi, general secretary of the Social Democratic Party
Germany Sahra Wagenknecht, Member of the Bundestag and deputy chairperson of the Left Party
Germany Omid Nouripour, Member of the Bundestag, (Alliance '90/The Greens)
Israel Moshe Katsav, President of Israel
Israel Dan Halutz, Chief of General Staff
Israel Shaul Mofaz, Minister of Defense
New Zealand Golriz Ghahraman, Member of New Zealand Parliament from the 52nd New Zealand Parliament part of the Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand
NED Farah Karimi, Member of the House of Representatives
Norway Mazyar Keshvari, Member of the Storting
Sweden Ardalan Shekarabi, Minister for Public Administration
Sweden Maryam Yazdanfar, Member of the Riksdag
Sweden Reza Khelili Dylami, Member of the Riksdag
Sweden Alireza Akhondi, Member of the Riksdag
USA Goli Ameri, Assistant Secretary of State for Educational and Cultural Affairs
USA Cyrus Amir-Mokri, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Institutions
USA
Washington Cyrus Habib, Member of the Washington House of Representatives
USA Azita Raji, United States Ambassador to Sweden
USA Bob Yousefian, Mayor of Glendale
USA Jimmy Delshad, Mayor
Kuwait Ahmed Lari, Member of National Assembly of Kuwait
Kuwait Hassan Jawhar, Member of National Assembly of Kuwait
Kuwait Jenan Boushehri, Member of National Assembly of Kuwait
Economics
[edit]In 2000, the Iran Press Service reported that Iranian expatriates had invested between $200 and $400 billion in the United States, Europe, and China, but almost nothing in Iran.[5] In Dubai, Iranian expatriates have invested an estimated $200 billion (2006).[25] Migrant Iranian workers abroad remitted less than two billion dollars home in 2006.[26]
High net-worth individuals
[edit]National ranking | Name | Citizenship | Net worth (USD) | Source(s) of wealth |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Pierre Omidyar | 12.9 billion [27] | eBay | |
2 | Ghermezian family | 4.0 billion [28] | Triple Five Group | |
3 | Farhad Moshiri | 2.8 billion [29] | Metalloinvest, Everton | |
4 | Nazarian family | 2.0 billion [30] | Qualcomm | |
5 | Vincent & Robert Tchenguiz | 1.4 billion [31][32] | Real Estate | |
6 | Manny Mashouf | 1.3 billion [33] | Bebe stores | |
7 | Merage family | 1.1 billion [34] | Hot Pockets | |
8 | Nasser David Khalili | 1.0 billion [35] | Real Estate | |
9 | Hassan Khosrowshahi | 950 million [36] | Future Shop | |
10 | Omid Kordestani | 900 million [37] | ||
11 | Anousheh Ansari | 750 million [38] | Sonus Networks | |
12 | Isaac Larian | 723 million [37] | MGA Entertainment | |
13 | Arash Ferdowsi | 400 million [39] | Dropbox |
Expatriate fund
[edit]The fund's stated goal is to attract investment from Iranian expatriates and to use their experience in stimulating foreign investments.[40]
Religious affiliation
[edit]The Iranian diaspora has been commonly defined as a largely people from upper-middle classes, secular and as cultural or nominal Muslims; the majority of them do not take fundamental Islamic rituals, such as daily prayers or fasting, and having largely embraced Western secularism.[41] Some expatriate Iranians consider themselves to be irreligious, agnostic, or atheist.[42][43][44]
Notes
[edit]In the period between 1961 and 2005, the United States became the main destination of Iranian emigrants. An estimated 378,995 Iranians have immigrated to the United States in that period, where Iranian immigrants have primarily immigrated to California (158,613 Iran-born in 2000),[45] New York (17,323),[45] Texas (15,581),[45] Virginia (10,889),[45] and Maryland (9,733).[45] The Los Angeles Metropolitan Area was estimated to be host to approximately 114,712 Iranian immigrants,[45] earning the Westwood area of Los Angeles the nickname Tehrangeles.
The US Census Bureau's decennial census form does not offer a designation for individuals of Iranian descent, and therefore it is estimated that only a fraction of the total number of Iranians are writing in their ancestry. The 2000 Census Bureau estimates that the Iranian American community (including the US-born children of the Iranian foreign born) numbers around 330,000. Studies using alternative statistical methods have estimated the actual number of Iranian Americans in the range of 691,000 to 1.2 million.[5][46]
See also
[edit]- Demographics of Iran
- Foreign relations of Iran
- Industrial Development and Renovation Organization of Iran
- Human capital flight from Iran
- Iranian nationality law
- Tourism in Iran
- Visa requirements for Iranian citizens
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-06-05. Retrieved 2021-06-06.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ a b "آمار پراکندگی ایرانیان مقیم خارج از کشور + نمودار". Gostaresh.news. Retrieved 2022-08-05.
- ^ "Diaspora". Iranicaonline.org. Encyclopædia Iranica. December 15, 1995. pp. 370–387. Archived from the original on 9 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
- ^ Esfandiari, Golnaz (2004-03-08). "Iran: Coping With The World's Highest Rate Of Brain Drain". Rferl.org. Archived from the original on 2008-04-29. Retrieved 2012-12-10.
- ^ a b c "Migration Information Source - Iran: A Vast Diaspora Abroad and Millions of Refugees at Home". Migrationinformation.org. Archived from the original on 2014-02-15. Retrieved 2012-12-10.
- ^ Saeed Zeydabadi-Nejad, The Politics of Iranian Cinema: Film and Society in the Islamic Republic, Routledge (2009), p. 17
- ^ Bagherpour, Amir (September 12, 2020). "The Iranian Diaspora in America: 30 Years in the Making". Frontline. Tehran Bureau, PBS.
- ^ اقتصاد24, پایگاه خبری، تحلیلی. "افزایش بی سابقه موج مهاجرت ایرانیان در سال ۱۴۰۲ | اقتصاد24". fa (in Persian). Retrieved 2024-04-11.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ https://farsi.alarabiya.net/iran/2023/09/13/%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%AA-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%9B-%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%AA-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%82%D9%87-%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7-%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF [bare URL]
- ^ "بیسابقهترین موج مهاجرت از ایران/ وزارتخانه مهاجرت تشکیل میشود؟". تجارت نیوز (in Persian). 2024-04-11. Retrieved 2024-04-11.
- ^ "Australia's Population by Country of Birth, 2021 | Australian Bureau of Statistics". 26 April 2022.
- ^ United Kingdom census. "2021 United Kingdom census, United Kingdom by Country of Birth".
- ^ Moojan Momen (5 November 2015). Shi'i Islam: A Beginner's Guide. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9781780747880.
- ^ "Iraniani in Italia - statistiche e distribuzione per regione". Tuttitalia.it (in Italian). Retrieved 16 January 2023.
- ^ "Population 31.12. By Origin, Background country, Language, Year, Age, Sex and Information".
- ^ "【在留外国人統計(旧登録外国人統計)統計表】 | 出入国在留管理庁".
- ^ "Национальный состав населения Российской Федерации согласно переписи населения 2021 года". Archived from the original on 2022-12-30. Retrieved 2023-01-05.
- ^ "Sefstat 2022" (PDF).
- ^ "Iranians abroad per country". iranian.mfa.ir. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Retrieved 2021-08-27.
- ^ "Iranian Americans free to thrive in the U.S." 20 July 2018.
- ^ "12,000 foreign students studying at Iranian universities". Payvand.com. Archived from the original on 2017-04-17. Retrieved 2017-07-17.
- ^ "14,000 foreign students studying in Iran". Payvand.com. Archived from the original on 2016-10-24. Retrieved 2017-07-17.
- ^ Coughlan, Sean (2015-06-23). "US universities on symbolic visit to Iran - BBC News". Bbc.com. Archived from the original on 2017-01-05. Retrieved 2017-07-17.
- ^ "Over 350,000 Iranians studying abroad: Education Minister". Payvand.com. Archived from the original on 2016-10-24. Retrieved 2017-07-17.
- ^ Iran Daily - Domestic Economy - 04/04/06 Archived February 19, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Iran Daily - Domestic Economy - 10/22/07 Archived October 25, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Forbes 400: Pierre Omidyar". Forbes. Archived from the original on 2017-08-23. Retrieved 2017-09-01.
- ^ Avissar, Irit (October 27, 2010). "Canadian Jewish family in talks to buy Clal Insurance". The Jerusalem Post. Archived from the original on June 3, 2016. Retrieved September 18, 2016.
- ^ Farhad Moshiri Archived 2019-07-14 at the Wayback Machine Forbes.com. Retrieved 26 April 2013.
- ^ "Izak Nazarian: From Tehran Rags to LA Riches". vosizneias.com. 29 September 2009. Archived from the original on 2016-12-13. Retrieved 2016-09-18.
- ^ "Vincent and Robert Tchenguiz". The Times. London. Archived from the original on 5 May 2009.
- ^ "Tchenguiz brothers held in Kaupthing raid: source". Reuters. 9 March 2011. Archived from the original on 20 November 2015. Retrieved 1 July 2017.
- ^ "#754 Manny Mashouf & family". Forbes. 2007-03-08. Archived from the original on 2006-05-03. Retrieved 2017-09-01.
- ^ "The Forbes 400". Forbes. 30 September 2002. Archived from the original on 19 August 2017. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
- ^ "#701 Nasser Khalili - The World's Billionaires 2009". Forbes. 2009-03-11. Archived from the original on 2017-08-19. Retrieved 2017-09-01.
- ^ "No. 10: Hassan Khosrowshahi of Inwest Investments Ltd., DRI Capital Inc. has an estimated net worth of $0.94 billion". Vancouver Sun. May 14, 2012. Archived from the original on January 16, 2019. Retrieved February 9, 2019.
- ^ a b Wells, Jane (20 Aug 2008). "Barbie v. Bratz: How Much $$$ For Mattel?". CNBC. Archived from the original on 19 August 2017. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
- ^ Kurata, Phillip (2012-02-24). "Iranian-American Woman Follows Dream to Wealth and Success". Payvan News. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-09-18.
- ^ "Arash Ferdowsi - The 25 Richest Tech Entrepreneurs Under 30". Complex. 15 August 2012. Archived from the original on 24 June 2014. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
- ^ "Iran Daily - Domestic Economy - 04/19/09". Archived from the original on 2009-06-22. Retrieved 2017-07-17.
- ^ Gholami, Reza (2016). Secularism and Identity: Non-Islamiosity in the Iranian Diaspora. Routledge. pp. 2–5. ISBN 9781317058274.
- ^ Public Opinion Survey of Iranian Americans. Public Affairs Alliance of Iranian Americans (PAAIA)/Zogby, December 2008. Retrieved April 11, 2014.
- ^ "Persian NYers Show Their Pride at Murray Hill Parade". Time Warner Cable News. Archived from the original on April 19, 2014. Retrieved April 20, 2014.
- ^ "Disparaging Islam and the Iranian-American Identity: To Snuggle or to Struggle". Payvand.com. 21 September 2009. Archived from the original on 8 May 2014.
- ^ a b c d e f "Migration Information Source - Spotlight on the Iranian Foreign Born". Migrationinformation.org. Archived from the original on 2012-12-14. Retrieved 2012-12-10.
- ^ Mostashari, Ali (October 2003). "Factsheet on the Iranian-American Community" (PDF). Iranian Studies Group Research. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2009-03-05. Retrieved 2017-07-17.
Sources
[edit]- Sakurai, Keiko (July 2003), Nihon no Musurimu shakai 日本のムスリム社会 [Japan's Muslim Societies], Chikuma Shobō, ISBN 4-480-06120-7
External links
[edit]- History of Iranian diaspora - Encyclopædia Iranica
- Country Profile - Iran Migration Policy Institute (including modern history of Iranian migration)
- Iranian Diaspora in pre-Islamic times
- High Council of Iranians Abroad- "Strengthening the national identity of Iranians outside Iran and to defend their rights, helping the propagation of Persian calligraphy and language, and easing the participation in national security."
- Iranians Abroad - resources and links parstimes.com
- Iranian Alliances Across Borders (IAAB) (non-profit, non-partisan, and non-religious)
- Iranian diaspora - press article (2009)
- Seminar for Iranians Abroad Held in Tehran on August 2010