/*

* qt-faststart.c, v0.2

* by Mike Melanson (melanson@pcisys.net)

* This file is placed in the public domain. Use the program however you

* see fit.

*

* This utility rearranges a Quicktime file such that the moov atom

* is in front of the data, thus facilitating network streaming.

*

* To compile this program, start from the base directory from which you

* are building FFmpeg and type:

* make tools/qt-faststart

* The qt-faststart program will be built in the tools/ directory. If you

* do not build the program in this manner, correct results are not

* guaranteed, particularly on 64-bit platforms.

* Invoke the program with:

* qt-faststart <infile.mov> <outfile.mov>

*

* Notes: Quicktime files can come in many configurations of top-level

* atoms. This utility stipulates that the very last atom in the file needs

* to be a moov atom. When given such a file, this utility will rearrange

* the top-level atoms by shifting the moov atom from the back of the file

* to the front, and patch the chunk offsets along the way. This utility

* presently only operates on uncompressed moov atoms.

*/

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <inttypes.h>

#include <string.h>

#ifdef __MINGW32__

#define fseeko(x, y, z) fseeko64(x, y, z)

#define ftello(x) ftello64(x)

#elif defined(_WIN32)

#define fseeko(x, y, z) _fseeki64(x, y, z)

#define ftello(x) _ftelli64(x)

#endif

#define FFMIN(a,b) ((a) > (b) ? (b) : (a))

#define BE_16(x) ((((uint8_t*)(x))[0] << 8) | ((uint8_t*)(x))[1])

#define BE_32(x) ((((uint8_t*)(x))[0] << 24) | \

(((uint8_t*)(x))[1] << 16) | \

(((uint8_t*)(x))[2] << 8) | \

((uint8_t*)(x))[3])

#define BE_64(x) (((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[0]) << 56) | \

((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[1]) << 48) | \

((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[2]) << 40) | \

((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[3]) << 32) | \

((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[4]) << 24) | \

((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[5]) << 16) | \

((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[6]) << 8) | \

((uint64_t)( (uint8_t*)(x))[7]))

#define BE_FOURCC(ch0, ch1, ch2, ch3) \

( (uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch3) | \

((uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch2) << 8) | \

((uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch1) << 16) | \

((uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch0) << 24) )

#define QT_ATOM BE_FOURCC

/* top level atoms */

#define FREE_ATOM QT_ATOM('f', 'r', 'e', 'e')

#define JUNK_ATOM QT_ATOM('j', 'u', 'n', 'k')

#define MDAT_ATOM QT_ATOM('m', 'd', 'a', 't')

#define MOOV_ATOM QT_ATOM('m', 'o', 'o', 'v')

#define PNOT_ATOM QT_ATOM('p', 'n', 'o', 't')

#define SKIP_ATOM QT_ATOM('s', 'k', 'i', 'p')

#define WIDE_ATOM QT_ATOM('w', 'i', 'd', 'e')

#define PICT_ATOM QT_ATOM('P', 'I', 'C', 'T')

#define FTYP_ATOM QT_ATOM('f', 't', 'y', 'p')

#define UUID_ATOM QT_ATOM('u', 'u', 'i', 'd')

#define CMOV_ATOM QT_ATOM('c', 'm', 'o', 'v')

#define STCO_ATOM QT_ATOM('s', 't', 'c', 'o')

#define CO64_ATOM QT_ATOM('c', 'o', '6', '4')

#define ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE 8

#define COPY_BUFFER_SIZE 33554432

int main(int argc, char *argv[])

{

FILE *infile = NULL;

FILE *outfile = NULL;

unsigned char atom_bytes[ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE];

uint32_t atom_type = 0;

uint64_t atom_size = 0;

uint64_t atom_offset = 0;

uint64_t last_offset;

unsigned char *moov_atom = NULL;

unsigned char *ftyp_atom = NULL;

uint64_t moov_atom_size;

uint64_t ftyp_atom_size = 0;

uint64_t i, j;

uint32_t offset_count;

uint64_t current_offset;

int64_t start_offset = 0;

unsigned char *copy_buffer = NULL;

int bytes_to_copy;

if (argc != 3) {

printf("Usage: qt-faststart <infile.mov> <outfile.mov>\n");

return 0;

}

if (!strcmp(argv[1], argv[2])) {

fprintf(stderr, "input and output files need to be different\n");

return 1;

}

infile = fopen(argv[1], "rb");

if (!infile) {

perror(argv[1]);

goto error_out;

}

/* traverse through the atoms in the file to make sure that 'moov' is

* at the end */

while (!feof(infile)) {

if (fread(atom_bytes, ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, 1, infile) != 1) {

break;

}

atom_size = (uint32_t) BE_32(&atom_bytes[0]);

atom_type = BE_32(&atom_bytes[4]);

/* keep ftyp atom */

if (atom_type == FTYP_ATOM) {

ftyp_atom_size = atom_size;

free(ftyp_atom);

ftyp_atom = malloc(ftyp_atom_size);

if (!ftyp_atom) {

printf("could not allocate %"PRIu64" bytes for ftyp atom\n",

atom_size);

goto error_out;

}

if ( fseeko(infile, -ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, SEEK_CUR)

|| fread(ftyp_atom, atom_size, 1, infile) != 1

|| (start_offset = ftello(infile))<0) {

perror(argv[1]);

goto error_out;

}

} else {

int ret;

/* 64-bit special case */

if (atom_size == 1) {

if (fread(atom_bytes, ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, 1, infile) != 1) {

break;

}

atom_size = BE_64(&atom_bytes[0]);

ret = fseeko(infile, atom_size - ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE * 2, SEEK_CUR);

} else {

ret = fseeko(infile, atom_size - ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, SEEK_CUR);

}

if(ret) {

perror(argv[1]);

goto error_out;

}

}

printf("%c%c%c%c %10"PRIu64" %"PRIu64"\n",

(atom_type >> 24) & 255,

(atom_type >> 16) & 255,

(atom_type >> 8) & 255,

(atom_type >> 0) & 255,

atom_offset,

atom_size);

if ((atom_type != FREE_ATOM) &&

(atom_type != JUNK_ATOM) &&

(atom_type != MDAT_ATOM) &&

(atom_type != MOOV_ATOM) &&

(atom_type != PNOT_ATOM) &&

(atom_type != SKIP_ATOM) &&

(atom_type != WIDE_ATOM) &&

(atom_type != PICT_ATOM) &&

(atom_type != UUID_ATOM) &&

(atom_type != FTYP_ATOM)) {

printf("encountered non-QT top-level atom (is this a QuickTime file?)\n");

break;

}

atom_offset += atom_size;

/* The atom header is 8 (or 16 bytes), if the atom size (which

* includes these 8 or 16 bytes) is less than that, we won't be

* able to continue scanning sensibly after this atom, so break. */

if (atom_size < 8)

break;

}

if (atom_type != MOOV_ATOM) {

printf("last atom in file was not a moov atom\n");

free(ftyp_atom);

fclose(infile);

return 0;

}

/* moov atom was, in fact, the last atom in the chunk; load the whole

* moov atom */

if (fseeko(infile, -atom_size, SEEK_END)) {

perror(argv[1]);

goto error_out;

}

last_offset = ftello(infile);

moov_atom_size = atom_size;

moov_atom = malloc(moov_atom_size);

if (!moov_atom) {

printf("could not allocate %"PRIu64" bytes for moov atom\n", atom_size);

goto error_out;

}

if (fread(moov_atom, atom_size, 1, infile) != 1) {

perror(argv[1]);

goto error_out;

}

/* this utility does not support compressed atoms yet, so disqualify

* files with compressed QT atoms */

if (BE_32(&moov_atom[12]) == CMOV_ATOM) {

printf("this utility does not support compressed moov atoms yet\n");

goto error_out;

}

/* close; will be re-opened later */

fclose(infile);

infile = NULL;

/* crawl through the moov chunk in search of stco or co64 atoms */

for (i = 4; i < moov_atom_size - 4; i++) {

atom_type = BE_32(&moov_atom[i]);

if (atom_type == STCO_ATOM) {

printf(" patching stco atom...\n");

atom_size = BE_32(&moov_atom[i - 4]);

if (i + atom_size - 4 > moov_atom_size) {

printf(" bad atom size\n");

goto error_out;

}

offset_count = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 8]);

if (i + 12LL + offset_count * 4LL > moov_atom_size) {

printf(" bad atom size\n");

goto error_out;

}

for (j = 0; j < offset_count; j++) {

current_offset = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4]);

current_offset += moov_atom_size;

moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 0] = (current_offset >> 24) & 0xFF;

moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 1] = (current_offset >> 16) & 0xFF;

moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 2] = (current_offset >> 8) & 0xFF;

moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 3] = (current_offset >> 0) & 0xFF;

}

i += atom_size - 4;

} else if (atom_type == CO64_ATOM) {

printf(" patching co64 atom...\n");

atom_size = BE_32(&moov_atom[i - 4]);

if (i + atom_size - 4 > moov_atom_size) {

printf(" bad atom size\n");

goto error_out;

}

offset_count = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 8]);

if (i + 12LL + offset_count * 8LL > moov_atom_size) {

printf(" bad atom size\n");

goto error_out;

}

for (j = 0; j < offset_count; j++) {

current_offset = BE_64(&moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8]);

current_offset += moov_atom_size;

moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 0] = (current_offset >> 56) & 0xFF;

moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 1] = (current_offset >> 48) & 0xFF;

moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 2] = (current_offset >> 40) & 0xFF;

moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 3] = (current_offset >> 32) & 0xFF;

moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 4] = (current_offset >> 24) & 0xFF;

moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 5] = (current_offset >> 16) & 0xFF;

moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 6] = (current_offset >> 8) & 0xFF;

moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 7] = (current_offset >> 0) & 0xFF;

}

i += atom_size - 4;

}

}

/* re-open the input file and open the output file */

infile = fopen(argv[1], "rb");

if (!infile) {

perror(argv[1]);

goto error_out;

}

if (start_offset > 0) { /* seek after ftyp atom */

if (fseeko(infile, start_offset, SEEK_SET)) {

perror(argv[1]);

goto error_out;

}

last_offset -= start_offset;

}

outfile = fopen(argv[2], "wb");

if (!outfile) {

perror(argv[2]);

goto error_out;

}

/* dump the same ftyp atom */

if (ftyp_atom_size > 0) {

printf(" writing ftyp atom...\n");

if (fwrite(ftyp_atom, ftyp_atom_size, 1, outfile) != 1) {

perror(argv[2]);

goto error_out;

}

}

/* dump the new moov atom */

printf(" writing moov atom...\n");

if (fwrite(moov_atom, moov_atom_size, 1, outfile) != 1) {

perror(argv[2]);

goto error_out;

}

/* copy the remainder of the infile, from offset 0 -> last_offset - 1 */

bytes_to_copy = FFMIN(COPY_BUFFER_SIZE, last_offset);

copy_buffer = malloc(bytes_to_copy);

if (!copy_buffer) {

printf("could not allocate %d bytes for copy_buffer\n", bytes_to_copy);

goto error_out;

}

printf(" copying rest of file...\n");

while (last_offset) {

bytes_to_copy = FFMIN(bytes_to_copy, last_offset);

if (fread(copy_buffer, bytes_to_copy, 1, infile) != 1) {

perror(argv[1]);

goto error_out;

}

if (fwrite(copy_buffer, bytes_to_copy, 1, outfile) != 1) {

perror(argv[2]);

goto error_out;

}

last_offset -= bytes_to_copy;

}

fclose(infile);

fclose(outfile);

free(moov_atom);

free(ftyp_atom);

free(copy_buffer);

return 0;

error_out:

if (infile)

fclose(infile);

if (outfile)

fclose(outfile);

free(moov_atom);

free(ftyp_atom);

free(copy_buffer);

return 1;

}