Brookesia

Brookesia
Biyolojik sınıflandırma
Âlem:	Animalia;
Şube:	Chordata;
Sınıf:	Reptilia;
Takım:	Squamata;
Alt takım:	Sauria;
Familya:	Chamaeleonidae;
Cins:	Brookesia; Gray, 1864

Brookesia Madagaskar'a endemik olan ve küçük ile çok küçük boyutlarda değişen bukalemunların sınıflandırıldığı bir cinstir. Brookesia cinsi içinde yer alan türler dünyanın en küçük bukalemunları olduğu gibi aynı zamanda dünyanın en küçük sürüngenleridir. Bu türler çoğunlukla kahverengidir ve yerde yaşarlar. Türlerin çoğu son otuz yıl içinde tanımlanmıştır ve daha henüz bilimsel adı verilmeyen tanımlanmamış türler olduğu bilinmektedir. Çoğu erişimi zor olan çok küçük alanlarda yaşamaktadır ve küçük boyutları ile gizlenme yetenekleri nedeniyle daha büyük akrabalarına nazaran üzerlerine çok araştırma yapılamamıştır.

Eimoloji

Cins adı Britanyalı doğa bilimci Joshua Brookes'a ithafen verilmiştir.^[1]

Korunma durumu

Brookesia türlerinin çoğu CITES Appendix I'de yer alan B. perarmata dışında Appendix II'de yer alır. Bu nedenle bu türleri anavatanları Madagaskar'ın dışına çıkarmak için özel izin almak gereklidir ve B. perarmata için ise izin verilmemektedir.

Türler

*Brookesia desperata* dişisi, stres renklenmesi, yanında iki yeni yumurtlanmış yumurta ile.

Dört türün erkek ve dişilerini gösteren resimler. — 2012'de tanımlanan ve *B. minima* tür grubuna dahil olan dört *Brookesia* türünün erkek (solda) ve dişileri (sağda): A-B *B. tristis*, C-D *B. confidens*, E-F *B. micra*, G-H *B. desperata*^[2]

Brookesia cinsi içinde tanınmakta olan 30 tür vardır:^[3]

Brookesia ambreensis^[4] Raxworthy & Nussbaum, 1995
Brookesia antakarana^[4] Raxworthy & Nussbaum, 1995
Brookesia bekolosy^[4] Raxworthy & Nussbaum, 1995
Brookesia betschi^[5] Brygoo, Blanc & Domergue, 1974
Brookesia bonsi^[6] Ramanantsoa, 1980
Brookesia brunoi^[7] Crottini et al., 2012
Brookesia brygooi^[4] Raxworthy & Nussbaum, 1995
Brookesia confidens^[8] Glaw et al., 2012
Brookesia decaryi,^[9] Angel, 1939
Brookesia dentata^[10] Mocquard, 1900
Brookesia desperata^[8] Glaw et al., 2012
Brookesia ebenaui^[11] (Boettger, 1880)
Brookesia exarmata^[12] Schimmenti & Jesu, 1996
Brookesia griveaudi^[5] Brygoo, Blanc & Domergue, 1974
Brookesia karchei^[13] Brygoo, Blanc & Domergue, 1970
Brookesia lambertoni^[13] Brygoo & Domergue, 1970
Brookesia lineata^[4] Raxworthy & Nussbaum, 1995
Brookesia micra^[8] Glaw et al., 2012
Brookesia minima^[14] Boettger, 1893
Brookesia perarmata^[15] (Angel, 1933)
Brookesia peyrierasi^[5] Brygoo & Domergue, 1974
Brookesia ramanantsoai^[5] Brygoo & Domergue, 1975
Brookesia stumpffi^[16] Boettger, 1894
Brookesia superciliaris^[17] (Kuhl, 1820)
Brookesia therezieni^[13] Brygoo & Domergue, 1970
Brookesia thieli^[18] Brygoo & Domergue, 1969
Brookesia tristis^[8] Glaw et al., 2012
Brookesia tuberculata^[19] Mocquard, 1894
Brookesia vadoni^[20] Brygoo & Domergue, 1968
Brookesia valerieae^[21] Raxworthy, 1991

Ayrıca bakınız

Ada cüceleşmesi

Notlar

^ Beolens B, Watkins M, Grayson M. 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Genus Brookesia, p. 40).
^ Glaw F, Köhler J, Townsend TM, Vences M (2012). "Rivaling the World's Smallest Reptiles: Discovery of Miniaturized and Microendemic New Species of Leaf Chameleons (Brookesia) from Northern Madagascar". PLoS ONE. 7 (2). ss. e31314. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031314. PMC 3279364 $2. PMID 22348069.
^ The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Raxworthy, C.J.; Nussbaum, R.A. (1995). "Systematics, speciation and biogeography of the dwarf chameleons (Brookesia; Reptilia, Squamata, Chamaeleontidae) of northern Madagascar". Journal of Zoology. Cilt 525-558. ss. 525-558.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Brygoo, Édouard-Raoul; Blanc, Charles P.; Domergue, Charles P. (1974). "Notes sur les Brookesia de Madagascar. VII. Brookesia du Marojezy. B. betschi et B. griveaudi n.sp. ( Reptilia, Squamata, Chamaeleonidae)". Bull. Acad. Malgache. 51 (1). ss. 167-184.
^ Ramanantsoa, G.A. (1980). "Description de deux nouvelles espéces de Brookesia (Reptilia, Squamata, Chamaeleonidae): B. legendrei et B. bonsi". Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. nat., Paris. 4 (1). ss. 685-693.
^ Crottini, Angelica; Minalles, Aurélien; Glaw, Frank; Harris, D. James; Lima, Alexandra; Vences, Miguel (2012). "Description of a new pygmy chameleon (Chamaeleonidae: Brookesia) from central Madagascar". Zootaxa. Cilt 3490. ss. 63*74.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Glaw, F.; Köhler, J.; Townsend, T. M.; Vences, M. (2012). Salamin, Nicolas (Ed.). "Rivaling the World's Smallest Reptiles: Discovery of Miniaturized and Microendemic New Species of Leaf Chameleons (Brookesia) from Northern Madagascar". PLoS ONE. 7 (2). ss. e31314. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031314. PMC 3279364 $2. PMID 22348069.
^ Angel, F. (1939). "Lézards, Scincidé et Chamaeleontidé nouveaux de Madagascar, des collections R. Decary". Bull. Mus. Hist. nat. 10 (1938). ss. 574—577.
^ Mocquard, F. (1900). "Diagnose d'espéces nouvelles de Reptiles de Madagascar". Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. nat., Paris. Cilt 6. ss. 345-348.
^ Boettger, O. (1880). "Diagnoses reptilium et batrachiorum novorum a Carolo Ebenau in insula Nossi-Bé Madagascariensi lectorum". Zool. Anz. Cilt 3. ss. 279-283.
^ Schimmenti, Giovanni; Jesu, Riccardo (1996). "Brookesia exarmata sp. nov. (Reptilia, Chamaeleonidae): a new dwarf chameleon from the limestone outcrops of western Madagascar". TALIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY (MODENA). 63 (2). ss. 193-197.
^ ^a ^b ^c Brygoo, Édouard-Raoul; Blanc, Charles P.; Domergue, Charles P. (1970). "Notes sur les Brookesia de Madagascar. III. B. karchei n.sp. du Massif du Majorezy.". Arch. Univ. Madagascar, Sciences. Cilt 7. ss. 267-271.
^ Boettger, Oskar (1893). Katalog der Reptilien-Sammlung im Museum der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main. I. Teil (Rhynchocephalen, Schildkröten, Krokodile, Eidechsen, Chamäleons). Frankfurt a. M.: Gebrüder Knauer.
^ Angel, F. (1933). "Sur un genre Malgache nouveau, de la famille des Chamaeléontidés". Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. nat., Paris. 5 (6). ss. 443-446.
^ Boettger, Oskar (1894). "Eine neue Brookesia (Chamaeleontidae) aus Nossibé". Zool. Anz. Cilt 17. ss. 182-185.
^ Kuhl, H. (1820). Beiträge zur Zoologie und vergleichenden Anatomie. Frankfurt: Hermannsche Buchhandlung.
^ Brygoo, Édouard-Raoul; Domergue, Charles P. (1969). "Notes sur les Brookesia de Madagascar. I. Un Brookesia des forets orientales de Madagascar, B. thieli n.sp. .". Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. nat., Paris. 41 (6). ss. 1103- 1109.
^ Mocquard, F. (1894). "Reptiles nouveaux ou insuffisamment connus de Madagascar". C. R. sommaire Séances Soc. philomath. Paris. 17 (1-10).
^ Brygoo, Édouard-Raoul; Domergue, Charles P. (1968). "Description d'un nouveau Brookesia de Madagascar B. vadoni n.sp. (Chaméléonidés)". Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. nat., Paris. 40 (4). ss. 677-682.
^ Raxworthy, C.J. (1991). "Field observations on some dwarf chameleons (Brookesia spp.) from rainforest areas of Madagascar, with the description of a new species". J. Zool., London. Cilt 224. ss. 11-25.

Bibliyografya

Gray JE. 1864. Revision of the Genera and Species of Chamæleonidæ, with the Description of some New Species. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1864: 465-477 + Plates XXXI & XXXII. (Brookesia, new genus, pp. 476–477).
Glaw, F., & Vences, M. (2007). A Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar, 3d edition. Köln, Germany: Vences & Glaw Verlag. 496 pp. ISBN 978-3-929449-03-7.

Dış bağlantılar

CITES: Appendices I, II and III. 3 Şubat 2007 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi. Accessed 23-01-2009.

[1] Beolens B, Watkins M, Grayson M. 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Genus Brookesia, p. 40).

[Glaw_2012-2] Glaw F, Köhler J, Townsend TM, Vences M (2012). "Rivaling the World's Smallest Reptiles: Discovery of Miniaturized and Microendemic New Species of Leaf Chameleons (Brookesia) from Northern Madagascar". PLoS ONE. 7 (2). ss. e31314. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031314. PMC 3279364 $2. PMID 22348069.

[3] The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org

[Raxworthy1995-4] Raxworthy, C.J.; Nussbaum, R.A. (1995). "Systematics, speciation and biogeography of the dwarf chameleons (Brookesia; Reptilia, Squamata, Chamaeleontidae) of northern Madagascar". Journal of Zoology. Cilt 525-558. ss. 525-558.

[Brygoo1974-5] Brygoo, Édouard-Raoul; Blanc, Charles P.; Domergue, Charles P. (1974). "Notes sur les Brookesia de Madagascar. VII. Brookesia du Marojezy. B. betschi et B. griveaudi n.sp. ( Reptilia, Squamata, Chamaeleonidae)". Bull. Acad. Malgache. 51 (1). ss. 167-184.

[6] Ramanantsoa, G.A. (1980). "Description de deux nouvelles espéces de Brookesia (Reptilia, Squamata, Chamaeleonidae): B. legendrei et B. bonsi". Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. nat., Paris. 4 (1). ss. 685-693.

[7] Crottini, Angelica; Minalles, Aurélien; Glaw, Frank; Harris, D. James; Lima, Alexandra; Vences, Miguel (2012). "Description of a new pygmy chameleon (Chamaeleonidae: Brookesia) from central Madagascar". Zootaxa. Cilt 3490. ss. 63*74.

[Glaw-8] Glaw, F.; Köhler, J.; Townsend, T. M.; Vences, M. (2012). Salamin, Nicolas (Ed.). "Rivaling the World's Smallest Reptiles: Discovery of Miniaturized and Microendemic New Species of Leaf Chameleons (Brookesia) from Northern Madagascar". PLoS ONE. 7 (2). ss. e31314. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031314. PMC 3279364 $2. PMID 22348069.

[9] Angel, F. (1939). "Lézards, Scincidé et Chamaeleontidé nouveaux de Madagascar, des collections R. Decary". Bull. Mus. Hist. nat. 10 (1938). ss. 574—577.

[10] Mocquard, F. (1900). "Diagnose d'espéces nouvelles de Reptiles de Madagascar". Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. nat., Paris. Cilt 6. ss. 345-348.

[11] Boettger, O. (1880). "Diagnoses reptilium et batrachiorum novorum a Carolo Ebenau in insula Nossi-Bé Madagascariensi lectorum". Zool. Anz. Cilt 3. ss. 279-283.

[12] Schimmenti, Giovanni; Jesu, Riccardo (1996). "Brookesia exarmata sp. nov. (Reptilia, Chamaeleonidae): a new dwarf chameleon from the limestone outcrops of western Madagascar". TALIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY (MODENA). 63 (2). ss. 193-197.

[Brygoo1970-13] Brygoo, Édouard-Raoul; Blanc, Charles P.; Domergue, Charles P. (1970). "Notes sur les Brookesia de Madagascar. III. B. karchei n.sp. du Massif du Majorezy.". Arch. Univ. Madagascar, Sciences. Cilt 7. ss. 267-271.

[14] Boettger, Oskar (1893). Katalog der Reptilien-Sammlung im Museum der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main. I. Teil (Rhynchocephalen, Schildkröten, Krokodile, Eidechsen, Chamäleons). Frankfurt a. M.: Gebrüder Knauer.

[15] Angel, F. (1933). "Sur un genre Malgache nouveau, de la famille des Chamaeléontidés". Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. nat., Paris. 5 (6). ss. 443-446.

[16] Boettger, Oskar (1894). "Eine neue Brookesia (Chamaeleontidae) aus Nossibé". Zool. Anz. Cilt 17. ss. 182-185.

[17] Kuhl, H. (1820). Beiträge zur Zoologie und vergleichenden Anatomie. Frankfurt: Hermannsche Buchhandlung.

[18] Brygoo, Édouard-Raoul; Domergue, Charles P. (1969). "Notes sur les Brookesia de Madagascar. I. Un Brookesia des forets orientales de Madagascar, B. thieli n.sp. .". Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. nat., Paris. 41 (6). ss. 1103- 1109.

[19] Mocquard, F. (1894). "Reptiles nouveaux ou insuffisamment connus de Madagascar". C. R. sommaire Séances Soc. philomath. Paris. 17 (1-10).

[20] Brygoo, Édouard-Raoul; Domergue, Charles P. (1968). "Description d'un nouveau Brookesia de Madagascar B. vadoni n.sp. (Chaméléonidés)". Bull. Mus. nat. Hist. nat., Paris. 40 (4). ss. 677-682.

[21] Raxworthy, C.J. (1991). "Field observations on some dwarf chameleons (Brookesia spp.) from rainforest areas of Madagascar, with the description of a new species". J. Zool., London. Cilt 224. ss. 11-25.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]