Current evidence for neuroprotective effects of nicotine and caffeine against Parkinson's disease (Q28214322)

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English	Current evidence for neuroprotective effects of nicotine and caffeine against Parkinson's disease	scientific article (publication date: 2001)

Statements

instance of

scholarly article

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review article

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stated in

Europe PubMed Central

title

Current evidence for neuroprotective effects of nicotine and caffeine against Parkinson's disease (English)

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main subject

Parkinson's disease

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based on heuristic

inferred from title

caffeine

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based on heuristic

inferred from title

nicotine

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author

Helen Petrovitch

series ordinal

2

object named as

H Petrovitch

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author name string

G W Ross

series ordinal

1

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language of work or name

English

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publication date

2001

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published in

Drugs & Aging

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volume

18

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issue

11

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page(s)

797-806

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cites work

Diet and Parkinson's disease. I: A possible role for the past intake of specific foods and food groups. Results from a self-administered food-frequency questionnaire in a case-control study

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PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

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Environmental risk factors and Parkinson's disease: a case-control study in Taiwan

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PubMed

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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

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12 December 2020

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Neonatal cerebral hypoxia-ischemia: the effect of adenosine receptor antagonists

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PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

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12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Nicotinic receptors and Parkinson's disease

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stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Nicotine enhances 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine neurotoxicity

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stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

The continuous and simultaneous blood flow velocity measurement of four cerebral vessels and a peripheral vessel during cigarette smoking

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PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Tobacco smoking and nutrition

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stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

The short-term effect of nicotine chewing gum in patients with Parkinson's disease

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Nicotinic agonists modulate basal forebrain control of cortical cerebral blood flow in anesthetized rats.

1 reference

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PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Genetics, drugs and environmental factors in Parkinson's disease. A case-control study.

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PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

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inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

The effects of nicotine on locomotor activity in non-tolerant and tolerant rats

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

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Cost-effectiveness analysis in Parkinson's disease: determining the value of interventions

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

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Cigarette smoking and Parkinson disease: 1. Comparison of cases with matched neighbors

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Clinical and [18F] dopa PET findings in early Parkinson's disease

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Nicotine protects cultured striatal neurones against N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated neurotoxicity

1 reference

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PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

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inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Expression of acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors in the substantia nigra of rat, monkey, and human

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PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Effects of smoking in patients with early-onset Parkinson's disease

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Nicotine prevents glutamate-induced proteolysis of the microtubule-associated protein MAP-2 and glutamate neurotoxicity in primary cultures of cerebellar neurons

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Action of caffeine and theophyllamine on supersensitive dopamine receptors: considerable enhancement of receptor response to treatment with DOPA and dopamine receptor agonists

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

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12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Nicotinic system involvement in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Implications for therapeutics.

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Postsynaptic nicotinic receptors on dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta of the rat.

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Nicotine prevents experimental parkinsonism in rodents and induces striatal increase of neurotrophic factors

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Nicotine prevents striatal dopamine loss produced by 6-hydroxydopamine lesion in the substantia nigra

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Dose-related neuroprotective effects of chronic nicotine in 6-hydroxydopamine treated rats, and loss of neuroprotection in alpha4 nicotinic receptor subunit knockout mice

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Beneficial effects of nicotine and cigarette smoking: the real, the possible and the spurious

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

In vitro and in vivo studies investigating possible antioxidant actions of nicotine: relevance to Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases.

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Neuroprotection by caffeine and A(2A) adenosine receptor inactivation in a model of Parkinson's disease.

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

The effect of theophylline on parkinsonian symptoms.

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

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12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Nicotine protects cultured cortical neurons against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity via alpha7-neuronal receptors and neuronal CNS receptors

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Transient worsening of Parkinson's disease after cigarette smoking

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

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12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Dopamine D2 receptor-mediated antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of ropinirole, a dopamine agonist

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

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12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Comparison of the effects of epibatidine and nicotine on the output of dopamine in the dorsal and ventral striatum of freely-moving rats

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

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12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Cardiovascular pharmacology of the A2A adenosine receptor antagonist, SCH 58261, in the rat

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

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12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Stimulation of high-affinity adenosine A2 receptors decreases the affinity of dopamine D2 receptors in rat striatal membranes

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Worsening of motor performance in patients with Parkinson's disease following transdermal nicotine administration

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Theophylline increases "on" time in advanced parkinsonian patients

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Association of coffee and caffeine intake with the risk of Parkinson disease

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

A case-control study of occupational and environmental risk factors for Parkinson's disease in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

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12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Nicotine-induced protection against glutamate cytotoxicity. Nicotinic cholinergic receptor-mediated inhibition of nitric oxide formation

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Pharmacology of adenosine A2A receptors

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

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12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Basic FGF reverses chemical and morphological deficits in the nigrostriatal system of MPTP-treated mice.

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

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12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Smoking and Parkinson's disease: a dose-response relationship

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Nicotine effects on regional cerebral blood flow in awake, resting tobacco smokers

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Nicotine-induced protection of cultured cortical neurons against N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated glutamate cytotoxicity

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Smoking and Parkinson's disease: a case-control study in Germany

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Loss of basic fibroblast growth factor in substantia nigra neurons in Parkinson's disease

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Prospective study of cigarette smoking and the risk of developing idiopathic Parkinson's disease

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Antiparkinsonian activity of adenosine A2A antagonists in experimental models

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Akinesia due to catecholamine depletion in mice is prevented by caffeine. Further evidence for an involvement of adenosinergic system in the control of motility

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Acute effects of smoking on human cerebral blood flow: a transcranial Doppler ultrasonography study

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

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12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Studies with bromocriptine: III. Concomitant administration of caffeine to patients with idiopathic parkinsonism

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

The effects of nicotine on Parkinson's disease

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Adenosine A2A receptors and neuroprotection

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Adenosine A2A receptors modify motor function in MPTP-treated common marmosets

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

[123I] beta-CIT/SPECT imaging demonstrates bilateral loss of dopamine transporters in hemi-Parkinson's disease

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Genetic and environmental risk factors for Parkinson's disease in a Chinese population

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Acute intermittent nicotine treatment produces regional increases of basic fibroblast growth factor messenger RNA and protein in the tel- and diencephalon of the rat.

1 reference

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PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Tobacco consumption and mortality from cancer and other diseases

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Prospective study of caffeine consumption and risk of Parkinson's disease in men and women.

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Nutritional and occupational factors influencing the risk of Parkinson's disease: a case-control study in southeastern Sweden

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Attenuation of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced neurotoxicity by tobacco smoke

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

A(2A) adenosine receptor deficiency attenuates brain injury induced by transient focal ischemia in mice

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Evidence for adenosine A2 receptor involvement in the hypomobility effects of adenosine analogues in mice

1 reference

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PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Adenosine A2A antagonist: a novel antiparkinsonian agent that does not provoke dyskinesia in parkinsonian monkeys

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Cigarette smoking and protection from Parkinson's disease: false association or etiologic clue?

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Neuroprotective strategies for basal ganglia degeneration: Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Actions of caffeine in the brain with special reference to factors that contribute to its widespread use.

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Caffeine and the antiparkinsonian response to levodopa or piribedil

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Actions of adenosine A2A receptor antagonist KW-6002 on drug-induced catalepsy and hypokinesia caused by reserpine or MPTP

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

CGS 15943, an adenosine A2 receptor antagonist, reduces cerebral ischemic injury in the Mongolian gerbil

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

The effect of an acute nicotine infusion on the local cerebral glucose utilization of the awake rat.

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Premorbid smoking, alcohol consumption, and coffee drinking habits in Parkinson's disease: a case-control study

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Core assessment program for intracerebral transplantations (CAPIT)

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Cortical cerebral blood flow governed by the basal forebrain: Age-related Impairments

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

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Q64764304

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Nicotinic binding in rat brain: autoradiographic comparison of [3H]acetylcholine, [3H]nicotine, and [125I]-alpha-bungarotoxin

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

The Burden of Parkinson's Disease on Society, Family, and the Individual

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Adenosine A2a receptors in the nucleus accumbens mediate locomotor depression

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Metals and free radicals in neurodegeneration

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Adenosine-dopamine receptor-receptor interactions as an integrative mechanism in the basal ganglia

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Behavioral and biochemical effects of nicotine in an MPTP-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Effects of nicotine and chlorisondamine on cerebral glucose utilization in immobilized and freely-moving rats

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Influence of neurotoxins and oxidative stress on the onset and progression of Parkinson's disease

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Inhibition of monoamine oxidase B in the brains of smokers

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Caffeine and the central nervous system: mechanisms of action, biochemical, metabolic and psychostimulant effects

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Nicotine modulates the neurotoxic effect of beta-amyloid protein(25-35)) in hippocampal cultures

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Chronic nicotine treatment counteracts nigral cell loss induced by a partial mesodiencephalic hemitransection: an analysis of the total number and mean volume of neurons and glia in substantia nigra of the male rat

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist (+/-)-epibatidine increases FGF-2 mRNA and protein levels in the rat brain

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Chronic administration of nicotine fails to alter the MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in mice

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Parkinson's disease. First of two parts

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

A retrospective study of smoking in Parkinson's disease.

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Effect of stimulation of nicotinic cholinergic receptors on cortical cerebral blood flow and changes in the effect during aging in anesthetized rats

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Distribution, biochemistry and function of striatal adenosine A2A receptors

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Effects of nicotine on hydroxyl free radical formation in vitro and on MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in vivo

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Effect of deprenyl on the progression of disability in early Parkinson's disease

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Nicotine may relieve symptoms of Parkinson's disease

1 reference

stated in

PubMed

reference URL

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11772120

retrieved

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Identifiers

DOI

10.2165/00002512-200118110-00001

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Dimensions Publication ID

1033779657

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PubMed publication ID

11772120

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