Currently viewing ATT&CK v8.2 which was live between October 27, 2020 and April 28, 2021. Learn more about the versioning system or see the live site.
SOFTWARE
Aria-body
SOFTWARE
1-9
A-B
C-D
E-F
G-H
I-J
K-L
M-N
O-P
Q-R
S-T
U-V
W-X
Y-Z
  1. Home
  2. Software
  3. Ramsay

Ramsay

Ramsay is an information stealing malware framework designed to collect and exfiltrate sensitive documents, potentially from air-gapped systems. Researchers have identified overlaps between Ramsay and the Darkhotel-associated Retro malware.[1]

ID: S0458
Type: MALWARE
Platforms: Windows
Version: 1.0
Created: 27 May 2020
Last Modified: 16 June 2020
Enterprise Layer
download view

Techniques Used

Domain ID Name Use
Enterprise T1548 .002 Abuse Elevation Control Mechanism: Bypass User Account Control

Ramsay can use UACMe for privilege escalation.[1]

Enterprise T1560 .001 Archive Collected Data: Archive via Utility

Ramsay can compress and archive collected files using WinRAR.[1]
.003 Archive Collected Data: Archive via Custom Method

Ramsay can store collected documents in a custom container after encrypting and compressing them using RC4 and WinRAR.[1]
Enterprise T1119 Automated Collection

Ramsay can conduct an initial scan for Microsoft Word documents on the local system, removable media, and connected network drives, before tagging and collecting them. It can continue tagging documents to collect with follow up scans.[1]

Enterprise T1059 .005 Command and Scripting Interpreter: Visual Basic

Ramsay has included embedded Visual Basic Scripts in malicious documents.[1]

Enterprise T1005 Data from Local System

Ramsay can collect Microsoft Word documents from the target's filesystem.[1]

Enterprise T1039 Data from Network Shared Drive

Ramsay can collect data from network drives and stage it for exfiltration.[1]

Enterprise T1025 Data from Removable Media

Ramsay can collect data from removable media and stage it for exfiltration.[1]

Enterprise T1074 .001 Data Staged: Local Data Staging

Ramsay can stage data prior to exfiltration in %APPDATA%\Microsoft\UserSetting and %APPDATA%\Microsoft\UserSetting\MediaCache.[1]

Enterprise T1140 Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information

Ramsay can extract its agent from the body of a malicious document.[1]

Enterprise T1546 .010 Event Triggered Execution: AppInit DLLs

Ramsay can insert itself into the address space of other applications using the AppInit DLL Registry key.[1]

Enterprise T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution

Ramsay has been embedded in documents exploiting CVE-2017-0199 and CVE-2017-11882.[1]
Enterprise T1083 File and Directory Discovery

Ramsay can scan for Microsoft Word documents within the target's filesystem.[1]

Enterprise T1574 Hijack Execution Flow

Ramsay can hijack outdated Windows application dependencies with malicious versions of its own DLL payload.[1]

Enterprise T1559 .002 Inter-Process Communication: Dynamic Data Exchange

Ramsay has been delivered using OLE objects in malicious documents.[1]

Enterprise T1036 Masquerading

Ramsay has masqueraded as a JPG image file.[1]
.005 Match Legitimate Name or Location

Ramsay has masqueraded as a 7zip installer.[1]

Enterprise T1106 Native API

Ramsay can use the Windows COM API to schedule tasks and maintain persistence as well as the WriteFile, CloseHandle, and GetCurrentHwProfile functions during collection.[1]
Enterprise T1046 Network Service Scanning

Ramsay can scan for systems that are vulnerable to the EternalBlue exploit.[1]

Enterprise T1135 Network Share Discovery

Ramsay can scan for network drives which may contain documents for collection.[1]

Enterprise T1027 Obfuscated Files or Information

Ramsay has base64-encoded its portable executable and hidden itself under a JPG header. Ramsay can also embed information within document footers.[1]

Enterprise T1120 Peripheral Device Discovery

Ramsay can scan for removable media which may contain documents for collection.[1]

Enterprise T1055 .001 Process Injection: Dynamic-link Library Injection

Ramsay can use ImprovedReflectiveDLLInjection to deploy components.[1]

Enterprise T1091 Replication Through Removable Media

Ramsay can spread itself by infecting other portable executable files on removable drives.[1]

Enterprise T1014 Rootkit

Ramsay has included a rootkit to evade defenses.[1]

Enterprise T1053 .005 Scheduled Task/Job: Scheduled Task

Ramsay can schedule tasks via the Windows COM API to maintain persistence.[1]

Enterprise T1082 System Information Discovery

Ramsay can detect system information to create a hardware profile GUID which acts as a system identifier for operators.[1]

Enterprise T1080 Taint Shared Content

Ramsay can spread itself by infecting other portable executable files on networks shared drives.[1]

References

  1. Sanmillan, I.. (2020, May 13). Ramsay: A cyber‑espionage toolkit tailored for air‑gapped networks. Retrieved May 27, 2020.