familia
Translingual
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]familia
- (biology, taxonomy) A category in the classification of organisms, ranking below ordo and above genus.
- (taxonomy) A taxon at this rank.
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Latin familia (“family”). Doublet of family.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /fəˈmɪlɪə/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - Homophone: familiar (some non-rhotic accents)
Noun
[edit]familia (plural familiae)
- (historical) A household or religious community under one head, regarded as a unit.
- 2007, Ada I. Engebrigtsen, Exploring Gypsiness, page 117:
- Joska's elder brother Phuro was, however, seen as the leader of his familia. As one of the oldest males in the hamlet, with a familia that consisted of sons, bora and sons-in-law, Phuro's position as head of his familia was given by his age and by his authority as father.
- (Roman law) The paterfamilias, his legitimate descendants and their wives, all persons adopted into his family and their wives, and all slaves belonging to the household.
Aragonese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]familia f (plural familias)
Asturian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]familia f (plural families)
Basque
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Spanish familia.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]familia anim
Declension
[edit]indefinite | singular | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
absolutive | familia | familia | familiak |
ergative | familiak | familiak | familiek |
dative | familiari | familiari | familiei |
genitive | familiaren | familiaren | familien |
comitative | familiarekin | familiarekin | familiekin |
causative | familiarengatik | familiarengatik | familiengatik |
benefactive | familiarentzat | familiarentzat | familientzat |
instrumental | familiaz | familiaz | familiez |
inessive | familiarengan | familiarengan | familiengan |
locative | — | — | — |
allative | familiarengana | familiarengana | familiengana |
terminative | familiarenganaino | familiarenganaino | familienganaino |
directive | familiarenganantz | familiarenganantz | familienganantz |
destinative | familiarenganako | familiarenganako | familienganako |
ablative | familiarengandik | familiarengandik | familiengandik |
partitive | familiarik | — | — |
prolative | familiatzat | — | — |
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “familia”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
- “familia”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005
Chamorro
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]familia
Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]familia
Esperanto
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From familio (“family”) + -a (suffix indicating an adjective).
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Adjective
[edit]familia (accusative singular familian, plural familiaj, accusative plural familiajn)
Galician
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Latin familia.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]familia f (plural familias)
Further reading
[edit]- “familia”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, since 2012
Indonesian
[edit]Noun
[edit]familia (first-person possessive familiaku, second-person possessive familiamu, third-person possessive familianya)
Ingrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Russian фамилия (familija).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈfɑmiliɑ/, [ˈfɑmiˌlʲiɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈfɑmilʲiɑ/, [ˈfɑmiˌlʲiɑ]
- Rhymes: -iɑ
- Hyphenation: fa‧mi‧li‧a
Noun
[edit]familia
- Synonym of sukunimi
Declension
[edit]Declension of familia (type 3/kana, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | familia | familiat |
genitive | familian | familioin |
partitive | familiaa | familioja |
illative | familiaa | familioi |
inessive | familias | familiois |
elative | familiast | familioist |
allative | familialle | familioille |
adessive | familial | familioil |
ablative | familialt | familioilt |
translative | familiaks | familioiks |
essive | familianna, familiaan | familioinna, familioin |
exessive1) | familiant | familioint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
References
[edit]- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 38
Interlingua
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]familia (plural familias)
Ladin
[edit]Noun
[edit]familia f (plural families)
Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Italic *fameljā (“of the house → household”), from earlier *θameljā.
In view of the semantic shift illustrated in the cognates, famulus (“servant, slave”) (with Oscan 𐌚𐌀𐌌𐌄𐌋 (famel, “servile”)) is probably a backformation from it and not the other way around. From Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁-m-eló-m (“fundament”), from *dʰeh₁- (“to do, put, place”). Cognate with Sanskrit धामन् (dhāman, “order; dwelling-place, temple; family”), Ancient Greek θεμέλιος (themélios, “of the foundation”), θέμις (thémis, “justice, law”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /faˈmi.li.a/, [fäˈmɪlʲiä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /faˈmi.li.a/, [fäˈmiːliä]
Noun
[edit]familia f (genitive familiae); first declension
- a household (all persons subject to the control of one man (whether relations, freedmen or slaves))
- the slaves of a household, servants
- a group of slaves stationed in one place; a brigade, gang (used for some purpose)
- one's personal retinue
- a family, kin (a group of people closely related to one another)
- Synonym: domus
- Vulgate, Genesis 10.32:
- Hae familiae Nōē iū̆xtā populōs et nātiōnēs suās. Ab hīs dīvīsae sunt gentēs in Terrā post dīluvium.
- These are the families of Noah, according to their peoples and tribes. From them split the nations on Earth after the deluge.
- Hae familiae Nōē iū̆xtā populōs et nātiōnēs suās. Ab hīs dīvīsae sunt gentēs in Terrā post dīluvium.
- an intellectual school (e.g., of philosophy)
- Synonym: domus
- (law) an estate (sometimes distinct from pecūnia and possibly restricted to rēs mancipī)
Usage notes
[edit]According to Richard Saller, “[f]amilia was never used to mean ‘father, mother and children’ in our sense of ‘family’ today. It did have a technical, legal usage akin to ‘family’, but in common parlance most often meant ‘slave staff’, exclusive of the master's family.... The usual word for ‘family’ in the classical period was domus, which carried the general sense of ‘household’ including domestic slaves.”[1]
Declension
[edit]First-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | familia | familiae |
Genitive | familiae | familiārum |
Dative | familiae | familiīs |
Accusative | familiam | familiās |
Ablative | familiā | familiīs |
Vocative | familia | familiae |
The older genitive singular familiās is frequent in the expression pater familiās and the similar expressions with fīlius, māter, and fīlia as the first element.
Holonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Borrowings
- → Albanian: fëmijë (earlier borrowing from a Vulgar Latin form), familje (later borrowing)
- → Alemannic German: Famiili
- → Asturian: familia
- → Basque: familia
- → Bavarian: Famij, Famülie
- → Dutch: familie
- → Dutch Low Saxon: femilie
- → English: familia, family
- → Extremaduran: família
- → Galician: familia
- → German: Familie
- → Hungarian: família
- → Kölsch: Famelisch
- → Macedonian: фамилија (familija)
- → Middle French: famille
- → Norman: fanmil'ye, famîle (continental Normandy); fomille, famille (Guernsey); family (Sark), famille, fomille, famîle (continental Normandy); famille (Guernsey); family (Sark); fanmil'ye (Jersey), family
- → Mirandese: família
- → Old Occitan:
- → Polish: familia
- → Portuguese: família
- → Romani: familija
- → Romanian: familie
- → Carpathian Rusyn: фамилія (famylija)
- → Saterland Frisian: Familie
- → Scots: faimlie, faimily
- → Serbo-Croatian:
- → Spanish: familia
- → Swahili: familia
- → Swedish: familj
- → Walloon: famile
- → West Frisian: famylje
References
[edit]- “familia” on page 740 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “famulus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 200
Further reading
[edit]- “familia”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “familia”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- familia in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- familia in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
- a sect, school of thought: schola, disciplina, familia; secta
- a theatrical company: familia, grex, caterva histrionum
- a band, troupe of gladiators under the management of a lanista: familia gladiatoria (Sest. 64. 134)
- a sect, school of thought: schola, disciplina, familia; secta
- “familia”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “familia”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
Leonese
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]familia f (plural familias)
References
[edit]- familia at the Diccionario Castellano-Leonés / Leonés-Castellano.
- familia at the Pallabeiru Llïonés.
Mòcheno
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Italian famiglia, from Latin familia (“family; household”).
Noun
[edit]familia f
References
[edit]- “familia” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.
Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Latin familia.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]familia f (diminutive familijka, related adjective familijny)
Declension
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- familia in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- familia in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
[edit]Noun
[edit]familia f (plural familias)
Romanian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]familia f
Spanish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]familia f (plural familias)
Hyponyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Cebuano: pamilya
- → Chamorro: familia
- → Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl: familia
- → Ilocano: pamilia
- → Tagalog: pamilya
- → Waray-Waray: pamilya
Further reading
[edit]- “familia”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swahili
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Portuguese família,[1] ultimately from Latin familia.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]familia (n class, plural familia)
References
[edit]- ^ Harvey, Andrew (2014) “Epenthetic Vowels in Swahili Loanwords”, in Journal of Linguistics and Language in Education[1], volume 8, number 2, page 38 of 17-45: “origin is more likely to be Pt. "família"”
- Translingual terms derived from Latin
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual nouns
- mul:Biology
- mul:Taxonomy
- English terms borrowed from Latin
- English learned borrowings from Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English doublets
- English 3-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- English terms with homophones
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- English terms with historical senses
- English terms with quotations
- en:Law
- English unadapted borrowings from Latin
- Aragonese terms borrowed from Latin
- Aragonese terms derived from Latin
- Aragonese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Aragonese/ilja
- Rhymes:Aragonese/ilja/3 syllables
- Aragonese lemmas
- Aragonese nouns
- Aragonese countable nouns
- Aragonese feminine nouns
- Asturian terms borrowed from Latin
- Asturian terms derived from Latin
- Asturian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Asturian/ilja
- Rhymes:Asturian/ilja/3 syllables
- Asturian lemmas
- Asturian nouns
- Asturian feminine nouns
- Basque terms borrowed from Spanish
- Basque terms derived from Spanish
- Basque terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Basque/ia
- Rhymes:Basque/ia/4 syllables
- Basque lemmas
- Basque nouns
- Basque animate nouns
- Chamorro terms borrowed from Spanish
- Chamorro terms derived from Spanish
- Chamorro lemmas
- Chamorro nouns
- Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl terms borrowed from Spanish
- Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl terms derived from Spanish
- Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl lemmas
- Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl nouns
- Esperanto terms suffixed with -a
- Esperanto terms with audio links
- Esperanto terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Esperanto/ia
- Esperanto lemmas
- Esperanto adjectives
- Galician terms borrowed from Latin
- Galician learned borrowings from Latin
- Galician terms derived from Latin
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Galician/ilja
- Rhymes:Galician/ilja/3 syllables
- Galician lemmas
- Galician nouns
- Galician countable nouns
- Galician feminine nouns
- gl:Family
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Ingrian terms borrowed from Russian
- Ingrian terms derived from Russian
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/iɑ
- Rhymes:Ingrian/iɑ/4 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian nouns
- Interlingua terms with IPA pronunciation
- Interlingua lemmas
- Interlingua nouns
- Ladin lemmas
- Ladin nouns
- Ladin feminine nouns
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 4-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin first declension nouns
- Latin feminine nouns in the first declension
- Latin feminine nouns
- Latin terms with quotations
- la:Law
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook
- la:Collectives
- la:Family
- la:Household
- Leonese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Leonese/ilja
- Rhymes:Leonese/ilja/3 syllables
- Leonese lemmas
- Leonese nouns
- Leonese feminine nouns
- Mòcheno terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Mòcheno terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-
- Mòcheno terms borrowed from Italian
- Mòcheno terms derived from Italian
- Mòcheno terms derived from Latin
- Mòcheno lemmas
- Mòcheno nouns
- Mòcheno feminine nouns
- mhn:Family
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish terms borrowed from Latin
- Polish learned borrowings from Latin
- Polish terms derived from Latin
- Polish 3-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/ilja
- Rhymes:Polish/ilja/3 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish feminine nouns
- Polish dated terms
- pl:Family
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese feminine nouns
- Portuguese obsolete forms
- Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Romanian non-lemma forms
- Romanian noun forms
- Spanish terms borrowed from Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish 3-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Spanish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Spanish/ilja
- Rhymes:Spanish/ilja/3 syllables
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish feminine nouns
- es:Family
- es:Taxonomy
- Swahili terms borrowed from Portuguese
- Swahili terms derived from Portuguese
- Swahili terms derived from Latin
- Swahili terms with audio links
- Swahili lemmas
- Swahili nouns
- Swahili n class nouns
- sw:Taxonomy
- sw:Family