This project is a general practical exercise to let you discover networking.
subject v.2
Project Structure 📂
├── README.md
├── LICENSE
├── _notebook
│ └── ipv4_calculator.ipynb
├── _subject
│ ├── en.subject.pdf
│ └── net_practice.1.4.tgz
└── project
├── level1.json
├── level2.json
├── level3.json
├── level4.json
├── level5.json
├── level6.json
├── level7.json
├── level8.json
├── level9.json
└── level10.jsonTCP/IP addressing forms the backbone of modern network communication.
This project focuses on gaining a practical understanding of IP addresses, subnet masks, routers, and how they interact within a network to facilitate communication between devices.
📈 - IPv4 Calculator
Calculate the network address from the IP address and netmask.
-
Step 1: Write the given IP address in binary format.
-
Step 2: Write the subnet mask in binary form.
-
Step 3: Perform the logical ANDing operation between the corresponding octets of the IP address and the subnet mask.
-
Step 4: Convert the result back to the decimal format and this will be the network address.
# IP Address ----------------------------------------------------------------->
ip_addr = input("IP Address [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]: ")
ip_addr_b = " ".join("{:08b}".format(int(byte)) for byte in ip_addr.split("."))
# Netmask -------------------------------------------------------------------->
netmask = int(input("Netmask [CIDR notation]: "))
netmask_b = "".join('1' if i < netmask else '0' for i in range(32))
netmask_b = " ".join(netmask_b[i:(i + 8)] for i in range(0, 32, 8))
# Network Address ------------------------------------------------------------>
network_addr_bin = "".join(str(int(ip_addr_b[i]) & int(netmask_b[i])) if
ip_addr_b[i] != " " else " " for i in range(35))
network_addr = "".join(str(int(byte, 2)) + "." for byte in
network_addr_bin.split(" ")).strip(".")
# Visualization -------------------------------------------------------------->
print(
f"IP Address {ip_addr_b} -> {ip_addr}\n"
f" AND\n"
f"Netmask {netmask_b} -> /{netmask}\n"
f" -----------------------------------\n"
f"Network Address {network_addr_bin} -> {network_addr}/{netmask}"
)IP Address 10100111 11110001 00101010 00010101 -> 167.241.42.21
AND
Netmask 11111111 11111111 11111111 11111000 -> /29
-----------------------------------
Network Address 10100111 11110001 00101010 00010000 -> 167.241.42.16/29
Calculate broadcast address from the network address.
- Step 1: replace all bits dedicated to hosts with 1.
# Network Address ------------------------------------------------------------>
network = input("Network Address [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/xx]: ")
netmask = int(network[-2:])
network_addr = network[:-3]
network_addr_b = "".join("{:08b}".format(int(byte)) for byte in
network_addr.split("."))
# Broadcast Address ---------------------------------------------------------->
broadcast_addr_b = network_addr_b[:netmask] + '1' * (32 - netmask)
broadcast_addr = ".".join(str(int(broadcast_addr_b[i:i+8], 2)) for i in
range(0, 32, 8))
# Visualization -------------------------------------------------------------->
def add_spaces(string):
return ' '.join(string[i:i + 8] for i in range(0, 32, 8))
print(
f"Network Address {add_spaces(network_addr_b)} -> {network}\n"
f" -----------------------------------\n"
f"Broadcast Address {add_spaces(broadcast_addr_b)} -> {broadcast_addr}"
)Network Address 10100111 11110001 00101010 00010000 -> 167.241.42.16/29
-----------------------------------
Broadcast Address 10100111 11110001 00101010 00010111 -> 167.241.42.23
Valid host addresses are those all between the network address and the broadcast address.
# Network Address ------------------------------------------------------------>
network = input("Network Address [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]: ")
# Broadcast Address ---------------------------------------------------------->
broadcast = input("Broadcast Address [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]: ")
# Hosts Addresses ------------------------------------------------------------>
print(f"Host min -> {network} + 1\nHost max -> {broadcast} - 1")Host min -> 167.241.42.16 + 1
Host max -> 167.241.42.23 - 1
See LICENSE