Cecair pembasmi kuman

Cecair pembasmi kuman
Cecair pembasmi kuman
Kelas ubat
Sinonim	Hand sanitiser, antiseptik tangan, penyahjangkit tangan, pensanitasi tangan
	Di Wikidata

Cecair pembasmi kuman (bahasa Inggeris: hand sanitizercode: en is deprecated ) ialah cecair atau gel pada umumnya digunakan untuk mengurangkan agen berjangkit pada tangan.^[3] Formulasi jenis berasaskan alkohol lebih baik untuk membasuh tangan dengan sabun dan air dalam kebanyakan situasi dalam persekitaran penjagaan kesihatan.^[4]^[5] Ia pada umumnya lebih berkesan membunuh mikroorganisma dan lebih tahun daripada sabun dan air.^[6] Membasuh tangan patut masih dilakukan jika kontaminasi dapat dilihat atau berikutan menggunakan tandas.^[7] Kegunaan umum versi berasaskan bukan alkohol mempunyai tiada pengesyoran.^[4] Di luar persekitaran penjagaan kesihatan, membasuh tangan pada umumnya lebih dipilih.^[8]^[9]^[10] Cecair jenis ini juga kurang berkesan bagi norovirus mikroorganisma, dan Clostridium difficile.^[8] Cecair pembasmi kuman tersedia dalam bentuk cecair, gel, dan busa.^[6]

Komposisi

Cecair pembasmi kuman bagi tujuan awam dan penjagaan kesihatan wujud dalam bentuk cecair, busa dan gel. Cecair pembasmi kuman dengan komposisi isi padu alkohol 60% hingga 95% adalah antiseptik yang berkesan; kepekatan yang lebih rendah atau tinggi adalah kurang berkesan. Kebanyakan produk mempunyai antara 60% ke 80% alkohol.

Selain daripada alkohol, yakni etanol, isopropanol atau n-Propanol, cecair pembasmi kuman juga memiliki:

antiseptik tambahan seperti klorheksidina dan terbitan ammonium kuartener;
pembasmi spora seperti hidrogen peroksida untuk membunuh spora dalam cecair;
sedikit air suling atau steril, dan;
kadangkala disertakan agen pembusa, pewarna dan pewangi.

Sumber

^ "Tentative Final Monograph for Health-Care Antiseptic Drug Products; Proposed Rule" (PDF). United States Federal Food and Drug Administration. March 2009. m/s. 12613–12617. Diarkibkan (PDF) daripada yang asal pada 2010-03-10.
^ Ralat petik: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama WHO-LocalProduction
^ "hand sanitizer - definition of hand sanitizer in English | Oxford Dictionaries". Oxford Dictionaries | English. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 18 September 2017. Dicapai pada 12 July 2017.
^ ^a ^b Bolon, MK (September 2016). "Hand Hygiene: An Update". Infectious Disease Clinics of North America. 30 (3): 591–607. doi:10.1016/j.idc.2016.04.007. PMID 27515139. In 2002, the CDC released an updated hand hygiene guideline and, for the first time, endorsed the use of alcohol-based hand rubs for the majority of clinical interactions, provided that hands are not visibly soiled
^ Hirose, R; Nakaya, T; Naito, Y; Daidoji, T; Bandou, R; Inoue, K; Dohi, O; Yoshida, N; Konishi, H; Itoh, Y (18 September 2019). "Situations Leading to Reduced Effectiveness of Current Hand Hygiene against Infectious Mucus from Influenza Virus-Infected Patients". mSphere. 4 (5). doi:10.1128/mSphere.00474-19. PMC 6751490. PMID 31533996. For many reasons, alcohol hand sanitizers are increasingly being used as disinfectants over hand washing with soap and water. Their ease of availability, no need for water or plumbing, and their proven effectiveness in reducing microbial load are just a few.
^ ^a ^b Ralat petik: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Boyce2002
^ World Health Organization (2015). The selection and use of essential medicines. Twentieth report of the WHO Expert Committee 2015 (including 19th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines and 5th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/189763. ISBN 9789240694941. ISSN 0512-3054. WHO technical report series ; no. 994.
^ ^a ^b "Show Me the Science – When & How to Use Hand Sanitizer in Community Settings | Handwashing | CDC". cdc.gov (dalam bahasa Inggeris). 3 March 2020. Dicapai pada 16 March 2020.
^ de Witt Huberts, J; Greenland, K; Schmidt, WP; Curtis, V (1 July 2016). "Exploring the potential of antimicrobial hand hygiene products in reducing the infectious burden in low-income countries: An integrative review". American Journal of Infection Control. 44 (7): 764–71. doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2016.01.045. PMID 27061254.
^ Meadows, E; Le Saux, N (1 November 2004). "A systematic review of the effectiveness of antimicrobial rinse-free hand sanitizers for prevention of illness-related absenteeism in elementary school children". BMC Public Health. 4: 50. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-4-50. PMC 534108. PMID 15518593.

Pautan luar

"Executive Summary: National Stakeholders Meeting on Alcohol-Based Hand-Rubs and Fire Safety in Health Care Facilities". American Hospital Association, Co-Hosted by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) and AHA. July 22, 2003. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2008-03-08.
Marie Hartley (2010). "Hand rub". DermNet NZ.

[US2009-1] "Tentative Final Monograph for Health-Care Antiseptic Drug Products; Proposed Rule" (PDF). United States Federal Food and Drug Administration. March 2009. m/s. 12613–12617. Diarkibkan (PDF) daripada yang asal pada 2010-03-10.

[WHO-LocalProduction-2] Ralat petik: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama WHO-LocalProduction

[3] "hand sanitizer - definition of hand sanitizer in English | Oxford Dictionaries". Oxford Dictionaries | English. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 18 September 2017. Dicapai pada 12 July 2017.

[Bol2016-4] Bolon, MK (September 2016). "Hand Hygiene: An Update". Infectious Disease Clinics of North America. 30 (3): 591–607. doi:10.1016/j.idc.2016.04.007. PMID 27515139. In 2002, the CDC released an updated hand hygiene guideline and, for the first time, endorsed the use of alcohol-based hand rubs for the majority of clinical interactions, provided that hands are not visibly soiled

[5] Hirose, R; Nakaya, T; Naito, Y; Daidoji, T; Bandou, R; Inoue, K; Dohi, O; Yoshida, N; Konishi, H; Itoh, Y (18 September 2019). "Situations Leading to Reduced Effectiveness of Current Hand Hygiene against Infectious Mucus from Influenza Virus-Infected Patients". mSphere. 4 (5). doi:10.1128/mSphere.00474-19. PMC 6751490. PMID 31533996. For many reasons, alcohol hand sanitizers are increasingly being used as disinfectants over hand washing with soap and water. Their ease of availability, no need for water or plumbing, and their proven effectiveness in reducing microbial load are just a few.

[Boyce2002-6] Ralat petik: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Boyce2002

[WHO2015Use-7] World Health Organization (2015). The selection and use of essential medicines. Twentieth report of the WHO Expert Committee 2015 (including 19th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines and 5th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/189763. ISBN 9789240694941. ISSN 0512-3054. WHO technical report series ; no. 994.

[CDC2020-8] "Show Me the Science – When & How to Use Hand Sanitizer in Community Settings | Handwashing | CDC". cdc.gov (dalam bahasa Inggeris). 3 March 2020. Dicapai pada 16 March 2020.

[9] Witt Huberts, J; Greenland, K; Schmidt, WP; Curtis, V (1 July 2016). "Exploring the potential of antimicrobial hand hygiene products in reducing the infectious burden in low-income countries: An integrative review". American Journal of Infection Control. 44 (7): 764–71. doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2016.01.045. PMID 27061254.

[10] Meadows, E; Le Saux, N (1 November 2004). "A systematic review of the effectiveness of antimicrobial rinse-free hand sanitizers for prevention of illness-related absenteeism in elementary school children". BMC Public Health. 4: 50. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-4-50. PMC 534108. PMID 15518593.

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