Kunywa amazi
Amazi yo kunywa ni amazi akoreshwa mubinyobwa cyangwa gutegura ibiryo ;
Akamaro k'amazi
[hindura | hindura inkomoko]Amazi meza ni amazi akoreshwa nkamazi yo kunywa. Umubare w'amazi yo kunywa asabwa kugirango ubuzima bwiza aratandukanye, kandi biterwa nurwego rwimikorere yumubiri, imyaka, ibibazo bijyanye nubuzima, nibidukikije. [1] Ibikorwa biherutse gukorwa byerekanaga ko umushoferi amazi n'ingenzi cyane wingenzi cyane kuko abari bwicare umwanya munini , murwego rwo kurwanya indwara y'impyiko no kugarura ingufu mu mubiri , bitewe no kwicara umwanya, amazi abari ingenzi mubuzima bwa buri munsi. [2] Kubakora mubihe bishyushye, kugeza kuri 16 litres (4.2 Amerika gal) umunsi urashobora gukenerwa. [1] Ubusanzwe Mubihugu byateye imbere,Amazi ya robine yujuje ubuziranenge bw'amazi yo kunywa, nubwo umubare muto gusa ukoreshwa cyangwa ugakoreshwa mugutegura ibiryo. Ubundi buryo busanzwe bukoreshwa mumazi ya robine harimo gukaraba, ubwiherero,no kuhirisha amazi meza arashobora kandi gukoreshwa mubwiherero cyangwa kuhira. Gukoresha mu kuhira ariko birashobora kuba bifitanye isano ningaruka. [3] Amazi arashobora kandi kutemerwa bitewe nuburozi bwuburozi cyangwa ibintu byahagaritswe.
Ku isi hose, mu 2015, 89% by'abantu bari bafite amazi ava mu isoko ibereye kunywa –isoko y'amazi . [3] Muri Afurika yo munsi y'ubutayu bwa sahara, kubona amazi meza byari hagati ya 40% na 80% by'abaturage. Abantu bagera kuri miliyari 4.2 ku isi hose babonye amazi ya robine, mu gihe abandi miliyari 2,4 bari bafite amaribacyangwa imiyoboro rusange. [3] Ishami ry'umuryango wa abibumbye ku buzima rivuga ko kubona amazi meza yo kunywa ari uburenganzira bw'ibanze bwa muntu.
Abantu bagera kuri miliyari 1 kugeza kuri 2 babura amazi meza. [4] Amazi arashobora gutwara ibice by'indwara . Abantu benshi bapfa bazize amazi atari meza kuruta intambara, icyo gihe- umunyamabanga mukuru wa Roni BAN KI MON, yavuze mu mwaka wa 2010. Ibihugu bya gatatu ku isi byibasiwe cyane no kubura amazi, umwuzure, n’ubuziranenge bw’amazi. Indwara zigera kuri 80 ku ijana mu bihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere ni ingaruka zitaziguye z’amazi n’isuku bidahagije. [5] Raporo yakozwe na UNICEF na UNESCO ivuga ko FINLAND ifite amazi meza yo kunywa ku isi. [6] [7] [8] [9]
Umutungo w'amazi
[hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Amazi afite hafi 70% yubuso bwisi aho hafi 97.2% byayo ari umunyu, 2.8% gusa ni Bishya. Amazi meza araboneka hafi yabatuye Isi hafi ya yose, nubwo bishobora kuba bihenze kandi itangwa ntirishobora kuramba. Inkomoko aho amazi ashobora kuboneka harimo Amasoko, zone hyporheic na aquifers, na:
Gukoresha
[hindura | hindura inkomoko]Umubare w'amazi yo kunywa asabwa kumunsi arahinduka. [1] Biterwa nibikorwa by'umubiri, imyaka, Ubuzima, nibidukikije. Muri Amerika, ’amazi yose, ashingiye ku gufata hagati, ni 3.7 litres (130 imp fl oz; 130 Amerika fl oz) kumunsi kubagabo babantu barengeje imyaka 18, na 2.7 litres (95 imp fl oz; 91 Amerika fl oz) kumunsi kubagore n'abantu barengeje imyaka 18 irimo hafi 80% bivuye mubinyobwa na 20% mubiribwa. [10] Ikigo gishinzwe umutekano mu biribwa kirasaba 2.0 litres (70 imp fl oz; 68 Amerika fl oz) y'amazi yose kumunsi kubagore bakuze na 2.5 litres (88 imp fl oz; 85 Amerika fl oz) k'umunsi kubagabo bakuze. Inama isanzwe yo kunywa ibirahuri 8 ( 1,900 mL cyangwa 64 Amerika fl oz ) y'amazi asanzwe kumunsi ntabwo ashingiye kubumenyi, kandi inyota yumuntu itanga ubuyobozi bwiza bwamazi bakeneye aho kuba umubare wihariye, uhamye. Abanyamerika bafite imyaka 21 nayirenga, ugereranije, banywa 1,043 mL (36.7 imp fl oz; 35.3 Amerika fl oz) y'amazi yo kunywa kumunsi naho 95% banywa munsi ya 2,958 mL (104.1 imp fl oz; 100.0 Amerika fl oz) kumunsi. Imyitozo ngororangingo hamwe nubushyuhe bitera gutakaza amazi bityo birashobora gutera inyota no gufata amazi menshi. [11] Abantu bakora cyane mubihe bishyushye barashobora kuba bakeneye amazi ya buri munsi ya 6 litres (210 imp fl oz; 200 Amerika fl oz) cyangwa byinshi. [11]
Reba
[hindura | hindura inkomoko]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 . pp. 25–34.
{{cite book}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) This 2004 article focuses on the USA context and uses data collected from the US military. Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "WHO2004" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ : 909–915.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help); Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Water Fact sheet N°391". July 2014. Archived from the original on 5 June 2015. Retrieved 24 May 2015. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "WHO2014" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "Drinking-water". World Health Organization. March 2018. Retrieved 23 March 2018.
- ↑ "Water in developing countries". GAC. 12 June 2017. Retrieved 4 October 2021.
- ↑ "WWDR1: Water for People – water for life" (PDF). UNESCO and Berghahn Books. 2003. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
- ↑ "Water Is Enough Reason to Visit Finland, Here's Why". Culture Trip. 4 June 2018. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
- ↑ "Water in Finland purest in the world". MEDI Connection. 22 March 2019. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
- ↑ "The quality of water produced by Turku Region Water is rated the best in the world by Unesco". City of Turku. 1 December 2021. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
- ↑ "US daily reference intake values". Iom.edu. Archived from the original on 6 October 2011. Retrieved 5 December 2011.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Report Sets Dietary Intake Levels for Water, Salt, and Potassium To Maintain Health and Reduce Chronic Disease Risk". US Institute of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board. 11 February 2004. Retrieved 13 September 2017.