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Leo Tolstoy

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Leo Tolstoy
Tolstoy photographed at his Yasnaya Polyana estate in Mey 1908 bi Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky.
BornLev Nikolayevich Tolstoy
9 September 1828(1828-09-09)
Yasnaya Polyana, Roushie Empire
Dee'd20 November 1910(1910-11-20) (aged 82)
Astapovo, Roushie Empire
ThriftNovelist, short story writer, playwricht, essayist
LeidRoushie, French
NaitionalityRoushie
Period1852–1910
Notable warksWar and Peace
Anna Karenina
A Confession
The Kingdom of God Is Within You
Resurrection
SpooseSophia Tolstaya
Bairns14
Signatur

Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy (Roushie: Лев Никола́евич Толсто́й, pronounced [lʲef nʲɪkɐˈlaɪvʲɪt͡ɕ tɐlˈstoj] ( listen); 9 September [A.S. 28 August] 1828 – 20 November [A.S. 7 November] 1910), kent as Leo Tolstoy an aw, wis a Roushie writer that is regairdit as ane o the greatest authors o aw time.[1] He received multiple nominations for Nobel Prize in Leeteratur ivery year frae 1902 tae 1906, an nominations for Nobel Peace Prize in 1901, 1902 an 1910, an his miss o the prize is a major Nobel prize controversy.[2][3][4][5]

Born tae an aristocratic Roushie faimily in 1828,[1] he is best kent for the novelles War an Peace (1869) an Anna Karenina (1877),[6] eften citit as pinnacles o realist feection.[1] He first achieved leeterar acclaim in his twenties wi his semi-autobiografical trilogy, Bairnheid, Ladheid, an Youth (1852–1856), an Sevastopol Sketches (1855), based upon his experiences in the Crimean War. Tolstoy's feection includes dizens o short stories an several novellas sic as The Daith o Ivan Ilyich (1886), Family Happiness (1859), and Hadji Murad (1912). He an aw wrote plays an numerous filosofical essays.

In the 1870s Tolstoy experienced a profoond moral creesis, follaed bi whit he regairdit as an equally profoond speeritual awaukenin, as ootlined in his non-feection wark A Confession (1882). His leeteral interpretation o the ethical teachins o Jesus, centrein on the Sermon on the Munt, caused him tae acome a fervent Christian anarchist an pacifist.[1] Tolstoy's ideas on nonveeolent reseestance, expressed in sic warks as The Kinrick o God Is Within Ye (1894), war tae hae a profoond impact on sic pivotal 20t-century feegurs as Mahatma Gandhi[7] an Martin Luther King Jr.[8] Tolstoy an aw becam a dedicatit advocate o Georgism, the economic filosofie o Henry George, that he incorporatit intae his writin, pairteecularly Resurrection (1899).

References

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  1. ↑ a b c d "Leo Tolstoy". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  2. ↑ "Nomination Database". old.nobelprize.org. Archived frae the original on 6 October 2019. Retrieved 8 Mairch 2019.
  3. ↑ "Proclamation sent to Leo Tolstoy after the 1901 year's presentation of Nobel Prizes". NobelPrize.org (in Inglis). Retrieved 8 Mairch 2019.
  4. ↑ Hedin, Naboth (1 October 1950). "Winning the Nobel Prize". The Atlantic (in Inglis). Retrieved 8 Mairch 2019.
  5. ↑ "Nobel Prize Snubs In Literature: 9 Famous Writers Who Should Have Won (Photos)". Huffington Post (in Inglis). 7 October 2010. Retrieved 8 Mairch 2019.
  6. ↑ Beard, Mary (5 November 2013). "Facing death with Tolstoy". The New Yorker.
  7. ↑ Martin E. Hellman, Resist Not Evil in World Without Violence (Arun Gandhi ed.), M.K. Gandhi Institute, 1994, retrieved on 14 December 2006
  8. ↑ King, Jr., Martin Luther; Clayborne Carson; et al. (2005). The Papers of Martin Luther King, Jr., Volume V: Threshold of a New Decade, January 1959 – December 1960. University of California Press. pp. 149, 269, 248. ISBN 978-0-520-24239-5.
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